Abstract
Infants who ingest high amounts of fluoride can be at risk of dental fluorosis. The authors analyzed the fluoride concentration of 238 commercially available infant foods. Fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 8.38 micrograms of fluoride per gram, with the highest fluoride concentrations found in infant foods containing chicken. Infant foods, especially those containing chicken, should be considered when determining total fluoride intake.
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Fluoride levels in UK infant milks.
AIM: To provide a comprehensive report of fluoride concentration in UK infant milks and estimate their contribution to daily fluoride intake. METHODS: A total of 60 formula milk products available commercially or within a hospital environment were analysed, along with eight pasteurised cow's milk samples. Formula milk products requiring preparation were reconstituted with
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Dietary fluoride intake for fully formula-fed infants in New Zealand: impact of formula and water fluoride.
OBJECTIVE: A survey of the fluoride content of infant and toddler formulae available on the New Zealand market was conducted. Results were used to estimate the dietary fluoride intake for a fully formula-fed infant. METHODS: Infant and toddler formulae were prepared according to manufacturers' instructions with fluoride-free water and analyzed
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Evidence-based clinical recommendations regarding fluoride intake from reconstituted infant formula and enamel fluorosis: a report of the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs.
BACKGROUND: This article presents evidence-based clinical recommendations regarding the intake of fluoride from reconstituted infant formula and its potential association with enamel fluorosis. The recommendations were developed by an expert panel convened by the American Dental Association (ADA) Council on Scientific Affairs (CSA). The panel addressed the following question: Is
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Fluoride retention in infants living in fluoridated and non-fluoridated areas: effects of weaning.
Limited knowledge is available on total fluoride exposure, excretion and retention in infants, despite the first year of human life being the critical period for dental development and risk of dental fluorosis. This study investigated total daily fluoride intake (TDFI), excretion (TDFE) and retention (TDFR) in infants living in fluoridated
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Human health risk assessment: Study of a population exposed to fluoride through groundwater of Agra city, India.
Highlights A total of 64% samples exceeded the standard limit of fluoride set by World Health Organization/Bureau of Indian Standards. The estimated exposure doses (EDs) were 0.69, 0.31 and 0.12 mg/kg/day for infants, children, and adults, respectively. The HQ was more than 1 for infants and children at all sites
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