Abstract

Excessive consumption of fluoride through drinking water or other sources lead to skeletal and dental fluorosis. According to the world health organization 23 nations are facing the problem of fluorosis. In the recent past researchers describe the non-skeletal fluorosis where soft tissues and major organs are the victims of fluoride toxicity. Hence in the present study we attempted to investigate the structural changes in various brain areas followed by fluoride exposure and to explore the protective effect of ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba against fluoride neurotoxicity. Animals were randomly divided into five groups. Control animals received ordinary water; fluoride animals received fluoride water; all the other animals in the study received gum acacia, ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba for first 15 days followed by the fluoride water for 30 days. The present experiment showed fluoride caused neurodegeneration in the form of dark, pyknotic neurons could be apoptosis/ necrosis. However the neurodegeneration is less severe in the ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba treated animals. Hence the ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba may help as alternate therapeutic strategy to treat fluorosis victims.

Keywords: Fluorosis, Ascorbic acid, Ginkgo biloba, Hippocampus, Amygdala, Motor cortex, Neurotoxicity

• Related Studies :

  • Mitigating role of quercetin against sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain

    CONTEXT:  Quercetin is a well known aglycone flavonoid that is widely found in different food sources. OBJECTIVE:  In this study, the in vivo neuroprotective potential of quercetin against sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Wistar rats were divided into five treatment groups and then subjected to daily

  • Protective role of gallic acid on sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress in rat brain

    Gallic acid is known as a potent antioxidant active compound of the edible and medicinal plant Peltiphyllum peltatum. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of gallic acid against sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Gallic acid (10 and 20 mg/kg) and vitamin C

  • Protective effects of curcumin against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain

    We examined effects of a plant polyphenolic compound, curcumin, against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. Five experimental groups of male rats (10 animals each) were compared. Animals of these experimental groups were treated with curcumin (10 and 20 mg/kg body mass), vitamin C (10 mg/kg), and sample solvent

  • Tamarind seed coat extract restores fluoride-induced hematological and biochemical alterations in rats.

    Fluoride (F-) is becoming an ineluctable environmental pollutant causing deleterious effects in humans. In the present study, we examined whether tamarind seed coat extract (TSCE) is beneficial against the F--induced systemic toxicity and hematological changes. Wistar rats were randomly grouped as follows: group I served as control; group II intoxicated

  • Fluoride-induced neuronal oxidative stress amelioration by antioxidants in developing rats

    Premated 3-month-old albino rats received 200-ppm fluoride ion (F) in their drinking water; the pups born to them were separately administered, in groups of six, daily doses of clinoptilolite, zinc, selenium, vitamin C, vitamin D, and propolis. On post-partum day 45, the pups were sacrificed, brain regions separated, and oxidative

• Related FAN Content :

  • Nutrient Deficiencies Enhance Fluoride Toxicity

    It has been known since the 1930s that poor nutrition enhances the toxicity of fluoride. As discussed below, nutrient deficiencies have been specifically linked to increased susceptibility to fluoride-induced tooth damage (dental fluorosis), bone damage (osteomalacia), neurotoxicity (reduced intelligence), and mutagenicity. The nutrients of primary importance appear to be calcium,

  • Fluoride & Oxidative Stress

    A vast body of research demonstrates that fluoride exposure increases oxidative stress. Based on this research, it is believed that fluoride-induced oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying the various toxic effects associated with fluoride exposure. It is also well established that fluoride's toxic effects can be ameliorated by exposure

  • Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.

    Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching

  • Annapolis: Water Fluoridation Linked to Death of Dialysis Patient

    EVENING CAPITAL (Annapolis, Maryland) November 29, 1979 Fluoride Linked to Death by Mary Ann Kryzankowicz Staff Writer Fluoride poisoning has been definitely linked to the death of a 65-year-old kidney dialysis patient who became ill during a blood cleaning process Nov 11. State Medical Examiner Dr. (illegible) Guard has ruled that Lawrence Blake, 65, of Arundel

  • NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects

    The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.