Abstract
Analytic chemical studies of similar human skeletal tissues obtained at autopsy from two comparable women were conducted to determine the effect of a prolonged exposure to drinking water containing 8.0 ppm of fluoride on the chemistry of human bones.
As a result of the prolonged .use of this fluoride drinking water, the fluoride in dry, fat-free skeletal tissues ranged from 0.512 to 0.653 percent, as compared with 0.062 to 0.092 percent fluoride in the skeletal tissues of a subject, comparable in age, height, weight, and sex, with no unusual water-fluoride exposure.
There was some indication that the prolonged use of drinking water containing 8.0 ppm fluoride accounted for an increase in the ash and a slight increase in the calcium content of the skeletal tissues.
The absence of any gross of systemic findings, or of any impairment of the skeletal tissues, or malfunction generally in the one subject studied, indicates that human bone may not be affected by as much as 0.5 to 0.6 percent fluoride. These findings compare favorably with other previous evidence pertinent to human bone as well as fluorosed animal bones.
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The effect of fluoride on bone
Conclusions Although it is well known that the ingestion of high levels of fluoride can give rise to severe lesions in the skeletal tissues, such effects have never been found radiographically in persons using a water supply, containing less than 4 p.p.m fluorlde throughout life. A histological study of thirty ribs taken
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Skeletal fluorosis: histomorphometric analysis of bone changes and bone fluoride content in 29 patients
Bone fluoride content (BFC) was measured and histomorphometric analysis of undecalcified sections was performed in transiliac biopsy cores from 29 patients (16 men, 13 women, aged 51 +/- 17 years) suffering from skeletal fluorosis due to chronic exposure to fluoride. The origin of the exposure, known in 20 patients, was either hydric
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Normal age-related changes in fluoride content of vertebral trabecular bone--relation to bone quality
In several clinical osteoporosis studies, fluoride treatment has been shown to have a positive effect on bone mass but without a concomitant decrease in vertebral fracture rate. In contrast, some studies have shown that increases in spinal BMD are also paralleled by decreased vertebral fracture incidence. We have previously demonstrated,
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Hip fracture incidence not affected by fluoridation. Osteofluorosis studied in Finland
Iliac crest biopsies were taken from patients with hip fracture from a low-fluoride area (less than 0.3 ppm), from an area with fluoridated drinking water (1.0-1.2 ppm), and from a high-fluoride area (greater than 1.5 ppm). Fluoride content analysis and histomorphometry of bone were performed. The hip fracture incidence during
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Association between fluoride, magnesium, aluminum and bone quality in renal osteodystrophy
INTRODUCTION: Trace elements are known to influence bone metabolism; however, their effects may be exacerbated in renal failure because dialysis patients are unable to excrete excess elements properly. Our study correlated bone quality in dialysis patients with levels of bone fluoride, magnesium, and aluminum. A number of studies have linked
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Fluoride & Osteoarthritis
While the osteoarthritic effects that occurred from fluoride exposure were once considered to be limited to those with skeletal fluorosis, recent research shows that fluoride can cause osteoarthritis in the absence of traditionally defined fluorosis. Conventional methods used for detecting skeletal fluorosis, therefore, will fail to detect the full range of people suffering from fluoride-induced osteoarthritis.
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"Pre-Skeletal" Fluorosis
As demonstrated by the studies below, skeletal fluorosis may produce adverse symptoms, including arthritic pains, clinical osteoarthritis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and bone fragility, before the classic bone change of fluorosis (i.e., osteosclerosis in the spine and pelvis) is detectable by x-ray. Relying on x-rays, therefore, to diagnosis skeletal fluorosis will invariably fail to protect those individuals who are suffering from the pre-skeletal phase of the disease. Moreover, some individuals with clinical skeletal fluorosis will not develop an increase in bone density, let alone osteosclerosis, of the spine. Thus, relying on unusual increases in spinal bone density will under-detect the rate of skeletal fluoride poisoning in a population.
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Skeletal Fluorosis: The Misdiagnosis Problem
It is a virtual certainty that there are individuals in the general population unknowingly suffering from some form of skeletal fluorosis as a result of a doctor's failure to consider fluoride as a cause of their symptoms. Proof that this is the case can be found in the following case reports of skeletal fluorosis written by doctors in the U.S. and other western countries. As can be seen, a consistent feature of these reports is that fluorosis patients--even those with crippling skeletal fluorosis--are misdiagnosed for years by multiple teams of doctors who routinely fail to consider fluoride as a possible cause of their disease.
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Gastrointestinal Problems Among Individuals with Skeletal Fluorosis
Humans suffering from skeletal fluorosis are known to suffer from an increased occurrence of gastrointestinal disorders. When fluoride intake is reduced, these gastrointestinal problems are among the first symptoms to disappear. The following are some of the studies that have examined this issue: "It is clear from the observations presented in this article
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Fluoridation, Dialysis & Osteomalacia
In the 1960s and 1970s, doctors discovered that patients receiving kidney dialysis were accumulating very high levels of fluoride in their bones and blood, and that this exposure was associated with severe forms of osteomalacia, a bone-softening disease that leads to weak bones and often excruciating bone pain. Based on
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