Abstract
The synaptic mechanism of learning-memory injury induced by chronic fluorosis in brain was investigated. 192 Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats, one-month-old, were randomly divided into four groups and given 15, 30, 60 mg / L NaF solution and tap water respectively for 18 months. Behavior of rats was evaluated by open field and Morris Water Maze test every 3 months. The hippocampal synaptic membrane fluidity was detected by electron spin resonance, the expression level of post synaptic density 95 (PSD -95) in hippocampal CA3 region was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results showed that in rats with chronic fluorosis compared with the controls, locomotor activity and exploratory behavior were significantly or very significantly suppressed, spatial learning and memory ability were significantly declined;. synaptic membrane fluidity and the protein level of PSD-95 of hippocampus were greatly decreased. The data indicated that the changes of synaptosome membrane fluidity and PSD-95 expression level in hippocampus might be the one synaptic mechanism of learning-memory injury induced by chronic fluorosis in brain.
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ERK1/2-mediated disruption of BDNF–TrkB signaling causes synaptic impairment contributing to fluoride–induced developmental neurotoxicity
Highlights Rats were long–term chronic exposed to environmentally relevant doses of fluoride. Fluoride exposure results in synaptic alterations both in vivo and in vitro. Fluoride–induced cognitive failures correlates with synaptic deficits. BDNF–TrkB axis disruption contributes to fluoride–elicited impaired synaptogenesis. ERK1/2 plays a vital role in fluoride–induced BDNF–TrkB signaling disruption. Excessive
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Alterations in the memory of rat offspring exposed to low levels of fluoride during gestation and lactation: Involvement of the a7 nicotinic receptor and oxidative stress.
Daily exposure to fluoride (F) depends mainly on the intake of this element with drinking water. When administered during gestation and lactation, F has been associated with cognitive deficits in the offspring. However, the mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity of F remain obscure. In the current study, we investigated the effects
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The analog of Ginkgo biloba extract 761 is a protective factor of cognitive impairment induced by chronic fluorosis.
Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 is widely used to treat patients with learning and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease in China. However, it is not yet clear whether the analog of EGb761 (EGb) has a protective effect on the learning and memory damage induced by chronic fluorosis. In
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Effects of perinatal fluoride exposure on the expressions of miR-124 and miR-132 in hippocampus of mouse pups.
Highlights Maternal fluoride exposure enhanced the expressions of miR-124 and miR-132 in hippocampus of mouse offspring. Fluoride-induced decrease in CREB in mouse hippocampus could result from up-regulation of miR-124. In the feedback loop, fluoride decreased MeCP2 and increased miR-132 in the hippocampus of offspring. To investigate the effects of perinatal fluoride
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Attenuating effect of Vitamin E on the deficit of learning and memory of rats with chronic fluorosis: the mechanism may involve muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
The protective role of vitamin E (Vit E) against neurotoxicity induced by fluorosis was investigated by using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed with 50 ppm fluoride in drinking water for 10 months. Spatial learning and memory of rats were measured by the Morris water maze test; the expressions of M1 and
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
Note: See the Updated list of fluoride IQ studies at https://fluoridealert.org/researchers/fluoride-iq-studies/the-fluoride-iq-studies/ • As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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