Abstract
Objective: To understand the relationship of dental fluorosis and IQ among children in a high fluoride area and further study the harm of high fluoride to the human body.
Method: High fluoride areas (from drinking water) in Qi County were selected as the site of investigation. The subjects of the study were 7-to-10-year-old children. Dental fluorosis was diagnosed using the Dean Index, and IQ was determined with the Chinese combined Raven’s test.
Results: The average IQ among the children in the high fluoride area was 98.06 and the rate of mental retardation was 5.47%. Intelligence distribution in the children with and without dental fluorosis did not show any difference, and no sex-specific differences in intelligence were found.
Conclusions: The long-term consumption of high fluoride water may adversely affect children’s intelligence.
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The effect of high fluoride exposure on the level of intelligence in children.
Objective: Investigate the effect of high fluoride exposure on the level of intelligence in children. Method: In May 2006, 42 children from a high endemic fluorosis group and 37 children from the control area (who have been consuming low-fluoride water after water improvement schemes) were chosen for the test. They are all
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Community water fluoridation and intelligence: prospective study in New Zealand
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between community water fluoridation (CWF) and IQ. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of a general population sample of those born in Dunedin, New Zealand, between April 1, 1972, and March 30, 1973 (95.4% retention of cohort after 38 years of prospective follow-up).
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Association between water fluoride and the level of children's intelligence: a dose–response meta-analysis
Highlights High fluoride content in drinking water could affect the intellectual development of children. High water fluoride exposure is significantly associated with a reduced level of intelligence. Water quality and water fluoride exposure should be improved in areas with high water fluoride content. Objectives: Higher fluoride concentrations in water have inconsistently
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A comparative study of the IQ of children age 7-9 in a high and a low fluoride water city in Iran.
SUMMARY: Note from Fluoride Action Network: This is the same study that was published by the journal Journal of Dentistry and Oral Hygiene in 2011. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of high and low fluoride (F) in the drinking water on the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of young schoolchildren in two otherwise similar
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Systematic Review of Fluoride Exposure and Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Health Effects.
Background: People of all ages are exposed to fluoride from a variety of sources including dental products, drinking water, food, beverages and pharmaceuticals. In some developed countries, fluoride is added to municipal water systems to prevent tooth decay. Methods: The National Toxicology Program (NTP) conducted a systematic review of the human,
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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Fluoride & IQ: 67 Studies
As of May 2020, a total of 75 studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. Of these investigations, 67 studies have found that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans, while over 60 animal studies have found that fluoride exposure impairs the learning and/or
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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