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Crippling fluorosis… is characterized by dense bones, exostoses, neurologic complications due to bony overgrowth, osteoarthritis, and ligamentous calcification.
… new bone formed under the stimulus of fluoride administration may exhibit various degrees of osteosclerosis, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and architectural disorganization. Of these manifestations, only osteosclerosis increases bone strength. When fluoride is used therapeutically, therefore, it is obvious that conditions must be carefully chosen so as to maximize the development of osteosclerosis and to minimize the undesirable manifestations of osteoporosis and osteomalacia.
… The dramatic increase in the predominant trabecular bone of the axial skeleton during fluoride therapy is not accompanied by a corresponding increase in the predominantly cortical bone of the appendicular skeleton. Bone remodeling in cortical bone is increased during fluoride therapy (35); however, positive coupling does not occur, and formation and resorption remain in relative balance. Indeed, several investigators have reported that cortical bone decreases significantly during treatment…
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Fluoride treatment increased serum IGF-1, bone turnover, and bone mass, but not bone strength, in rabbits
We hypothesized that fluoride partly acts by changing the levels of circulating calcium-regulating hormones and skeletal growth factors. The effects of oral fluoride on 24 female, Dutch-Belted, young adult rabbits were studied. The rabbits were divided into two study groups, one control and the other receiving about 16 mg fluoride/rabbit/day
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Fluoride reduces bone strength in older rats
In response to recent concerns about the effect of water fluoridation on hip fracture rates, we studied the influence of fluoride intake on bone strength. Four groups of rats were fed a low-fluoride diet ad libitum and received 0, 5, 15, or 50 ppm of fluoride in their drinking water.
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The effect of pregnancy and lactation on bone mineral density in fluoride-exposed rats
Fluoride increases metabolic turnover of the bone in favour of bone formation. Excessive intake of fluoride may lead to pathological changes in teeth and bones: dental and skeletal fluorosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of pregnancy and lactation on bone mineral density (BMD) in fluoride-exposed rats. Female Wistar
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On fluoride and bone strength
We welcome the opportunity to respond to the letter by Baylink et al. Their letter makes many good points but, unfortunately, it also contains several misinterpretations of our analysis. The thesis of Baylink's letter and the paper of Einhorn et al. [1] is that fluoride incorporation into cortical bone does
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Effects of fluoridated drinking water on bone mass and fractures: the study of osteoporotic fractures
To determine if optimal fluoridation of public water supplies influences bone mass and fractures, we studied 2076 non-black women, all aged > or = 65 years recruited into the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures at the Pittsburgh clinic. Information on fluoride exposure was limited to community water supplies. The variable used
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Fluoride & Osteomalacia
One of fluoride's most well-defined effects on bone tissue is it's ability to increase the osteoid content of bone. Osteoid is unmineralized bone tissue. When bones have too much of it, they become soft and prone to fracture -- a condition known as osteomalacia. As shown below, fluoride has repeatedly been
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Fluoride & Rickets
One of fluoride's most well-defined effects on bone tissue is it's ability to increase the osteoid (unmineralized bone) content of bone. When bones have too much osteoid, they become soft and prone to fracture -- a condition known as osteomalacia. When osteomalacia develops during childhood, it is called "rickets." The potential for fluoride
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Fluoride Reduces Bone Strength Prior to Onset of Skeletal Fluorosis
The majority of animal studies investigating fluoride's impact on bone strength have found that fluoride has either no effect, or a detrimental effect, on bone strength. Importantly, several of the animal studies that have found fluoride reductes bone strength have reported that this reduction in strength occurs before signs of skeletal fluorosis
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Skeletal Fluorosis Causes Bones to be Brittle & Prone to Fracture
It has been known since as the early as the 1930s that patients with skeletal fluorosis have bone that is more brittle and prone to fracture. More recently, however, researchers have found that fluoride can reduce bone strength before the onset of skeletal fluorosis. Included below are some of the
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Fluoridation, Dialysis & Osteomalacia
In the 1960s and 1970s, doctors discovered that patients receiving kidney dialysis were accumulating very high levels of fluoride in their bones and blood, and that this exposure was associated with severe forms of osteomalacia, a bone-softening disease that leads to weak bones and often excruciating bone pain. Based on
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