Extract
Like the skin and its appendages, the teeth, nails and hair, so also other tissues of ectodermal origin are here shown to be affected by fluorine. The action of fluorine consists in lowering the level of the calcium in the blood and tissues. The epithelia of the mouth and the salivary glands, of the nasopharynx, the conjunctivae and the lachrymal glands may be affected. Signs and symptoms are thus produced which are closely similar to those usually attributed primarily to infection. It is suggested that an infection accompanying chronic fluorine poisoning is of a secondary nature, and that it is brought about by the loss of calcium in the body.
References
-
Ainsworth, N. J. (1933). Brit. Dent. J. 55, 233. Google ScholarBroekema, J. H. (1933). Acta derm.-venereol., Stockh., 14, 113. Google ScholarDean, H. T. (1936). J. Amer. Med. Ass. 107, 1269. CrossRef | Google ScholarDean, H. T. & Elvove, E. (1936). Amer. J. Publ. Hlth, 26, 567. CrossRef | Google ScholarErdheim, J. (1906). Mitt. Grenzgeb. Med. Chir. 16, 632. Google ScholarFriedmann, M. (1921). Arch. Derm. Syph., Berlin, 135, 161. CrossRef | Google ScholarGaud, Charnot & Langlais, (1935). Odontologie, 73, 188. Google ScholarGilford, H. (1904). Practitioner, 73, 188. Google ScholarGoeckermann, W. H. (1920). Arch. Derm. Syph., Chicago, 1, 396. CrossRef | Google ScholarHill, A. M. (1933). Arch. Derm. Syph., Chicago, 28, 66. CrossRef | Google ScholarJacobsen, A. W. (1928). J. Amer. Med. Ass. 90, 686. CrossRef | Google ScholarJosephson, E. M. & Lerner, C. (1934). Arch. Derm. Syph., Chicago, 29, 703. CrossRef | Google ScholarKaznelson, P., Reimann, F. & Weiner, W. (1929). Klin. Wschr. 81, 1071. CrossRef | Google ScholarLachmann, A. (1941). Acta Med. Scand., Suppl. 121. Google ScholarMcEwen, E. L. (1916). J. Cutan. Dis. 34, 15. Google ScholarMacKee, G. M. & Andrews, G. C. (1924). Arch. Derm. Syph., Chicago, 10, 673. CrossRef | Google ScholarMendes da Costa, S. & Van der Valk, J. W. (1919). Urol. Cutan. Rev. 23, 159. Google ScholarNicolle, G. & Halipré, A. (1895). Ann. Derm. Syph., Paris, 6, 675, 804. Google ScholarSpira, L. (1928). Franco-Brit. Med. Rev. 5, 1, 61. Google ScholarSpira, L. (1933). The Clinical Aspect of Chronic Poisoning by Aluminium and its Alloys. London. Google ScholarSpira, L. (1942 a). Edinb. Med. J. 49, 707. Google ScholarSpira, L. (1942 b). J. Hyg., Camb., 42, 500. CrossRef | Google ScholarSpira, L. (1943 a). J. Hyg., Camb., 43, 69. CrossRef | Google ScholarSpira, L. (1943 b). To be published. Google ScholarSpira, L. (1943 c). Edinb. Med. J. 50, 237. Google ScholarThurnam, J. (1848). Proc. Roy. Med. Chir. Soc. 31, 71. CrossRef | Google ScholarWeech, A. A. (1929). Amer. J. Dis. Child. 37, 766. CrossRef | Google ScholarWenner, W. F. (1931). J. Lab. Clin. Med. 16, 341. Google Scholar
-
-
Endemic chronic fluoride toxicity and dietary calcium deficiency interaction syndromes of metabolic bone disease and deformities in India: year 2000
Epidemiological studies during 1963-1997 were conducted in 45,725 children exposed to high intake of endemic fluoride in the drinking water since their birth. Children with adequate (dietary calcium > 800 mg/d) and inadequate (dietary calcium < 300 mg/d) calcium nutrition and with comparable intakes of fluoride (mean 9.5 +/- 1.9
-
The association of fluoride in drinking water with serum calcium, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in pregnant women and newborn infants.
Background: Chronic exposure to fluoride in drinking water causes an increase in plasma fluoride levels that is related to a reduction in calcium transport across the renal tubule endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. In the present study, it was hypothesised that varying levels of fluoride present in drinking
-
Calcium deficiency in fluoride-treated osteoporotic patients despite calcium supplementation
To test the hypothesis that the osteogenic response to fluoride can increase the skeletal requirement for calcium, resulting in a general state of calcium deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism, we assessed calcium deficiency, spinal bone density, by quantitative computed tomography, and serum PTH in three groups of osteoporotic subjects. Two of
-
[Effects of excess fluoride on bone turnover under conditions of diet with different calcium contents].
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of excess fluoride on bone turnover under conditions of diet containing different amount of calcium. METHODS: The experiment was performed on rats raised on a balanced diet with adequate calcium or a monotonous diet with low calcium and given amount of fluoride in their drinking water
-
Prenatal and postnatal ingestion of fluorides: fourteen years of investigation -- final report*.
SUMMARY Data is presented showing that fluoride ingested by gravid women enters the maternal circulation, is stored in the placenta and passes through the placental barrier to enter the foetal blood supply. Evidence is presented that the fluoride in the foetal blood supply affects the developing teeth to make them more resistant
Related Studies :
-
-
-
Nutrient Deficiencies Enhance Fluoride Toxicity
It has been known since the 1930s that poor nutrition enhances the toxicity of fluoride. As discussed below, nutrient deficiencies have been specifically linked to increased susceptibility to fluoride-induced tooth damage (dental fluorosis), bone damage (osteomalacia), neurotoxicity (reduced intelligence), and mutagenicity. The nutrients of primary importance appear to be calcium,
-
Fluoride Dentrifice and Stomatitis
Statistical data of 133 patients who have been using fluoride dental cream or powder have been presented. Each has developed intraoral ulcerative lesions. Many have been treated for other complaints without clearance of the lesions. Age is not significant. Repeated insults with the fluoride dentrifices produced increasingly severe excoriations. There seems to be nothing specific about the lesions to differentiate them from other diseases of an oral nature.
-
Fluoride Is Not an Essential Nutrient
In the 1950s, dentists believed that fluoride was a “nutrient.” A nutrient is a vitamin or mineral that is necessary for good health. Dentists believed that fluoride ingestion during childhood was necessary for strong, healthy teeth. A “fluoride deficiency” was thus believed to cause cavities, just like a deficiency of calcium can
-
Kidney Patients Are at Increased Risk of Fluoride Poisoning
It is well established that individuals with kidney disease are susceptible to suffering bone damage and other ill effects from low levels of fluoride exposure. Kidney patients are at elevated risk because when kidneys are damaged they are unable to efficiently excrete fluoride from the body. As a result, kidney patients
-
Allergic Reactions from Fluorides
Six cases are described with allergic manifestations from fluorides. The symptoms were reproduced by administering an aqueous fluoride solution either by ingestion, injection or local application. Control tests had no such effect. The patients had no way of knowing which solution contained fluoride.
Related FAN Content :
-