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Adverse Effects
Abstracts
ACTIVITY: Insecticide
(Fluorine,
Inorganic)
Adverse
Effects:
Anemia
Body Weight Decrease Anorexia,
Wasting
Bone
Stomach |
Regulatory
Information
(only comprehensive for the US) |
US
EPA Registered: |
Yes |
US
EPA PC Code: |
075101 |
California
Chemical Code |
173 |
US
Tolerances: |
CFR
180.145
CFR 185.3375 |
FDA
LMS Code: |
040 |
Registered
use in
(includes only a limited list
of countries)
|
US |
US
Maximum Residue Levels permitted
in food commodities
|
Apricot,
Blackberry, Blueberry (huckleberry) Boysenberry, Broccoli,
Brussels Sprout, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Citrus fruit, Collards,
Cranberry, Dewberry, Eggplant, Fruit (citrus), Grape, Kale,
Kiwifruit, Kohlrabi, Lettuce, Loganberry, Melon, Nectarine,
Peach, Pepper, Plum (prune, fresh), Pumpkin, Raspberry, Squash
(summer & winter), Strawberry, Tomato, Youngberry
|
Other
Information |
Molecular
Formula: |
Al
F6 Na3
INORGANIC |
Manufacturers: |
Gowan
AMVAC
Pennwalt
Cerexagri |
Other
Names: |
Sodium
aluminum fluoride
Cryolite synthetic
Kryocide
Prokil
Sodium fluoaluminate
Sodium aluminofluoride |
Of special interest: |
PAN
Data |
Material
Safety Data Sheets & Labels |
Contaminated
site - Bensalem Redevelopment L.P. (formerly Elf Atochem
North America), Bensalem Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
Facility EPA ID #: PAD002290823 |
New:
Click
here to see: Table
1. Top 50 Crops and Sites for for Cryolite use in California
in 2002.
Table 2. Use by county in California for Cryolite on All
Sites in 2002.
Table A. PAN's Explanation of Terms
Table
3. Cryolite
Pesticide Use in California:
1991-2000
Table
4. 1992
- Estimated Cryolite Use in US
(including map) |
April
24, 2002 -
Comments submitted to EPA on Gowan's petition for new, modified,
and proposed tolerances. US EPA Docket
control number OPP-2002-0007. From
Paul and Ellen Connett. |
Ref:
1995 - Summary of Toxicology
Data. California EPA, Department of Pesticide Regulation,
Medical Toxicology Branch.
Note: ...
Results showed that fluorine of synthetic
cryolite is retained significantly more than fluorine from natural
cryolite, probably due to solubility. (Ref:
The Assimilation of Fluorine by Rats From Natural and Synthetic
Cryolite and From Cryolite-Sprayed Fruits, University of Illinois,
6/30/41) |
1996
-
US EPA Reregistration
Eligibility Decision (RED)
Note from EC:
Of all the EPA RED documents that I have read, this ranks as
the most inadequate. |
US
Map of Pesticide Use - 1992 - 1995 |
TOXNET
profile from Hazardous Substances Data Bank |
Note:
In the
September 5, 2001 Federal Register,
US EPA published a new risk assessment for inorganic fluoride.
EPA included the fluoride risk assessment in a petition for
the first-time use of Sulfuryl fluoride as a fumigant on post-harvest
food commodities. Because fluoride is the endpoint of toxicological
concern for both Cryolite and Sufluryl fluoride, the September
5, 2001 fluoride assessment is a critical addition to the literature.
It is also essential reading for understanding the risks associated
with inorganic fluoride pesticides. |
Federal
Register: July 6, 2000: Tebufenozide; Pesticide Tolerances
for Emergency Exemptions...
for the 2000 crop year, nearly all major
California wineries with export
markets have advised their growers that they will not accept
grapes which have been treated with cryolite or any other product
which would affect the level of fluorides in wine. The
European Community recently established strict tolerance levels
of 1 ppm with respect to fluoride residues. There
is a direct correlation between even limited use of cryolite
on wine grapes which can result in fluoride levels in wine above
3 ppm. |
List
of Insecticide products. |
Manufacturer's
Advisory on Use of Cryolite to Control Insects on Grapes
- Kryocide® |
1998
-
German
Trade Regulations on Fluoride Levels in Imported Wines
- USDA's Foreign Agricultural Service |
June
1996 -
Levels
in California Wines ranging to as high as 12 ppm in Zinfadel
and French Colombard. - Fluoride in
wines - A guide for growers and vintners to determine optimum
cryolite applications on grapevines by Gwynn Sawyer Ostrom.
CATI Publication #960601 |
June
1983 -
Chemical Fact Sheet - Cornell PMEP |
Abstracts |
US
Federal Register
••
Note:
this is not a complete list of FR entries. Click
here to see the full list.
|
Date
published in FR |
Docket
Identification Number |
Details |
July
31, 2002 |
OPP-2002-0155 |
Tolerance
Revocations for residues in or on beets,
radishes, rutabagas, and turnips. FINAL RULE.
EPA is revoking tolerances in 40 CFR 180.145 for residues of
fluorine compounds cryolite and synthetic cryolite (sodium aluminum
fluoride) in or on beets, roots; radish,
roots; rutabaga, roots; and turnip, roots. The registrant(s)
of cryolite requested voluntary cancellation for use on beets,
radishes, rutabagas, and turnips. Rutabagas were removed from
cryolite labels prior to 1988. Beets were removed from cryolite
labels in 1988. On September 25, 1996 a FIFRA section 6(f)(1)
notice of receipt of a request to voluntarily delete radish
and turnip uses from cryolite registrations was published in
the Federal Register (61 FR 50294) (FRL-5394-2), with a use
deletion date of December 24, 1996. EPA believes that sufficient
time has passed for stocks to have been exhausted and for treated
commodities to have cleared channels of trade. |
April
24, 2002 |
OPP-2002-0007 |
Gowan
Company
- New
and modified tolerances. According to Gowan's
petition: "The estimated dietary
exposure in this assessment for cryolite... Grapes
and grape products are the largest contributors to
dietary exposure estimates for all population subgroups. Lettuce
was also a significant source of exposure for adult populations."
The following specific actions are proposed:
- Modify
existing tolerances:
- Apricots
from 7 ppm to 10 ppm
- Cucumber
from 7 ppm to 4 ppm
- Cranberry
from 7 ppm to 2 ppm
- Kale
from 7 ppm to 35 ppm
- Kiwi
from 15 ppm to 8 ppm
- Nectarines
from 7 ppm to 10 ppm
- Plums
from 7 ppm to 2 ppm (tolerance with regional registration)
- Renew
tolerances and remove time-limitation:
- Potatoes
- 2 ppm
- Potatoes,
waste from processing 22 ppm
- Establish
new tolerances:
- Berries
(crop group 13) - 0.5 ppm (replaces separate existing
tolerances for blackberries, blueberries, boysenberries,
dewberries, loganberries, raspberries and youngberries)
- Prunes
- 7 ppm (tolerance with regional registration)
Comments
on this petition are due on or before
May 24, 2002. It is essential for those who submit
comments to refer to EPA's updated risk assessment on fluoride
which was published in the September
5, 2001, Federal Register petition for the
first-time use of Sulfuryl fluoride as a fumigant on food
commodities. |
|