Table 2.
56 Citations in the  landmark report on toxicology: Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA’s Standards, published in 2006 by the National Resource Council of the National Academies.
Note: The following two Tables list studies that have been published in Fluoride, a journal that PubMed, the largest search engine for biomedical research, refuses to index. PubMed is funded by the American taxpayer through the National Institutes of Health. In Table 3, below, is a list of 19 of the 37 studies correlating exposure to fluoride with the lowering of IQ in children. Most of the links are for the “whole” volume. If that is the case, go to the Table of Contents in the beginning pages of the journal where there are links to the individual reports.
SEE ALSO,
Table 1 on Fluoride’s studies on Skeletal Fluorosis.

Grimbergen GW. 1974. A double blind test for determination of intolerance to fluoridated water. Preliminary report. Fluoride 7(3):146-152. Warren DP, Henson HA, and Chan JT. 1996. Comparison of fluoride content in caffeinated, decaffeinated and instant coffee. Fluoride 29(3):147-150
Franke J, Rath F, Runge H, Fengler F, Auermann E, and Lenart GL. 1975. Industrial fluorosis. Fluoride 8(2):61-85. Zhao LB, Liang GH, Zhang DN, and Wu XR. 1996. Effect of a high fluoride water supply on children’s intelligence. Fluoride 29(4):190-192.
McLaren JR. 1976. Possible effects of fluorides on the thyroid. Fluoride 9(2):105-116.  Burgstahler AW, and Robinson MA. 1997. Fluoride in California wines and raisins. Fluoride 30(3):142-146.
Petraborg HT. 1977. Hydrofluorosis in the fluoridated Milwaukee area. Fluoride 10(4): 165-168. Gadhia PK and Joseph S. 1997. Fluoride induced chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchange in cultured human lymphocytes. Fluoride 30(3):153-156.
Krishnamachari KA. 1982. Trace elements in serum and bone in endemic Genu valgum: Manifestation of fluorosis. Fluoride 15(1):25-31.  Grucka-Mamczar E., Machoy M, Tarnawski R, Birkner E, and Mamczar A. 1997. Influence of long-term sodium fluoride administration on selected parameters of rat blood serum and liver function. Fluoride 30(3):157-164.
Dominok ., Siefert K, Frege J, and Dominok B. 1984. Fluoride content of bones of retired fluoride workers. Fluoride 17(1):23-26. Boros I, Keszler P, Csikós G, and Kalász H. 1998. Fluoride intake, distribution, and bone content in diabetic rats consuming fluoridated drinking water. Fluoride 31(1):33-42.
Shayiq RM, Raza H, and Kidwai AM. 1984. Alteration in gastric secretion of rats administered NaF. Fluoride 17(3):178-182. Takahashi K. 1998. Fluoride-linked Down syndrome births and their estimated occurrence due to water fluoridation. Fluoride 31(2):61-73.
Guan ZZ, Yang PS, Yu ND, and Zhuang ZJ. 1989. An experimental study of blood biochemical diagnostic indices for chronic fluorosis. Fluoride 22(3):112-118 Chinoy NJ, and Sharma A. 1998. Amelioration of fluoride toxicity by vitamins E and D in reproductive functions of male mice. Fluoride 31(4):203-216.
Chinoy NJ, Sequeira E, and Narayana MV. 1991b. Effects of vitamin C and calcium on the reversibility of fluoride-induced alterations in spermatozoa of rabbits. Fluoride 24(1):29-39. Czarnowski W, Krechniak J, Urbanska B, Stolarska K, Taraszewska-Czarnowska M, and Muraszko-Klaudel A. 1999. The impact of water-borne fluoride on bone density. Fluoride 32(2):91-95.
Chinoy NJ, and Sequeira E. 1992. Reversible fluoride induced fertility impairment in male mice. Fluoride 25(2):71-76. Al-Hiyasat AS, Elbetieha AM, and Darmani H. 2000. Reproductive toxic effects of ingestion of sodium fluoride in female rats. Fluoride 33(2):79-84.
Shashi A. 1992b. Studies on alterations in brain lipid metabolism following experimental fluorosis. Fluoride 25(2):77-84. Elbetieha A, Darmani H, and Al-Hiyasat AS. 2000. Fertility effects of sodium fluoride in male mice. Fluoride 33(3):128-134.
Shashi A. 1992a. Biochemical effects of fluoride on lipid metabolism in the reproductive organs of male rabbits. Fluoride 25(3):149-154 Joseph S, and Gadhia PK. 2000. Sister chromatid exchange frequency and chromosome aberrations in residents of fluoride endemic regions of south Gujarat. Fluoride 33(4): 154-158.
Yiamouyiannis JA. 1993. Fluoridation and cancer: The biology and epidemiology of bone and oral cancer related to fluoridation. Fluoride 26(2):83-96. Machalinski B, Zejmo M, Stecewicz I, Machalinska A, Machoy Z, and Ratajczak MZ. 2000. The influence of sodium fluoride on the clonogenecity of human hematopoietic progenitor cells: Preliminary report. Fluoride 33(4):168-173.
Susheela AK, Kumar A, Bhatnagar M, and Bahadur R. 1993. Prevalence of endemic fluorosis with gastrointestinal manifestations in people living in some North-Indian villages. Fluoride 26(2):97-104. Chinoy NJ, and Patel TN. 2001. Effects of sodium fluoride and aluminum chloride on ovary and uterus of mice and their reversal by some antidotes. Fluoride 34(1):9-20.
Kapoor V, Prasad T, and Bhatia KC. 1993. Effect of dietary fluorine on histopathological changes in calves. Fluoride 26(2):105-110. Shashi A, and Thapar SP. 2001. Histopathology of fluoride-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits. Fluoride 34(1):34-42.
Desai VK, Solanki DM, and Bansal RK. 1993. Epidemiological study on goitre in endemic fluorosis district of Gujarat. Fluoride 26(3):187-190. Alarcón-Herrera MT, Martín-Domínguez IR, Trejo-Vázquez R, and Rodriguez-Dozal S. 2001. Well water fluoride, dental fluorosis, and bone fractures in the Guadiana Valley of Mexico. Fluoride 34(2):139-149.
Narayana MV, and Chinoy NJ. 1994b. Effect of fluoride on rat testicular steroidogenesis. Fluoride 27(1):7-12. 1994 Coplan MJ, and Masters RD. 2001. Silicofluorides and fluoridation. Fluoride 34(3): 161-164. Guest editorial.
Mokrzynski S, and Machoy Z. 1994. Fluoride incorporation into fetal bone. Fluoride 27(3):151-154. Trabelsi M, Guermazi F, and Zeghal N. 2001. Effect of fluoride on thyroid function and cerebellar development in mice. Fluoride 34(3):165-173.
Shashi A, Singh JP, and Thapar SP. 1994. Effect of long-term administration of fluoride on levels of protein, free amino acids and RNA in rabbit brain. Fluoride 27(3):155-159. Shivarajashankara YM, Shivashankara AR, Bhat PG, Rao SM, and Rao SH. 2002. Histological changes in the brain of young fluoride-intoxicated rats. Fluoride 35(1):12-21.
Chinoy NJ, Walimbe AS, Vyas HA, and Mangla P. 1994. Transient and reversible fluoride toxicity in some soft tissues of female mice. Fluoride 27(4):205-214. 1994 Shashi A. 2002. Histopathological effects of sodium fluoride on the duodenum of rabbits. Fluoride 35(1):28-37.
Sheth FJ, Multani AS, and Chinoy NJ. 1994. Sister chromatid exchanges: A study in fluorotic individuals of North Gujarat. Fluoride 27(4):215-219. Shashi A, Singh JP, and Thapar SP. 2002. Toxic effects of fluoride on rabbit kidney. Fluoride 35(1):38-50.
Liu C, Wyborny LE, and Chan JT. 1995. Fluoride content of dairy milk from supermarket: A possible contributing factor to dental fluorosis. Fluoride 28(1):10-16. Xiang Q, Liang Y, Chen L, Wang C, Chen B, Chen X, and Zhou M. 2003a. Effect of fluoride in drinking water on children’s intelligence. Fluoride 36(2):84-94
Sondhi H, Gupta ML, and Gupta GL. 1995. Intestinal effects of sodium fluoride in Swiss albino mice. Fluoride 28(1):21-24. Xiang Q, Liang Y, Zhou M, and Zang H. 2003b. Blood lead of children in Wamiao-Xinhuai intelligence study [letter]. Fluoride 36(3):198-199.
Chinoy NJ, Narayana MV, Dalal V, Rawat M, and Patel D. 1995. Amelioration of fluoride toxicity in some accessory reproductive glands and spermatozoa of rat. Fluoride 28(2):75-86. Machalinski B, Baskiewicz-Masiuk M, Sadowska B, Machalinska A, Marchlewicz M, Wiszniewska B, and Stecewicz I. 2003. The influence of sodium fluoride and sodium hexafluorosilicate on human leukemic cell lines: Preliminary report. Fluoride 36(4):231-240.
Wu DQ, and Wu Y. 1995. Micronucleus and sister chromatid exchange frequency in endemic fluorosis. Fluoride 28(3):125-127. Inkielewicz I, and Krechniak J. 2003. Fluoride content in soft tissues and urine of rats exposed to sodium fluoride in drinking water. Fluoride 36(4):263-266.
Zhao ZL, Wu NP, and Gao WH. 1995. The influence of fluoride on the content of testosterone and cholesterol in rat. Fluoride 28(3):128-130. Grucka-Mamczar E, Birkner E, Zalejska-Fiolka J, and Machoy Z. 2005. Disturbances of kidney function in rats with fluoride-induced hyperglycemia after acute poisoning by sodium fluoride. Fluoride 38(1):48-51.
Li XS, Zhi JL, and Gao RO. 1995. Effect of fluoride exposure on intelligence in children. Fluoride 28(4):189-192. Cinar A, and Selcuk M. 2005. Effects of chronic fluorosis on thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and protein-bound iodine in cows. Fluoride 38(1):65-68.
Michael M, Barot VV, and Chinoy NJ. 1996. Investigations of soft tissue functions in fluorotic individuals of north Gujarat. Fluoride 29(2):63-71. Susheela AK, Bhatnagar M, Vig K, and Mondal  NK. 2005. Excess fluoride ingestion and thyroid hormone derangements in children living in Delhi, India. Fluoride 38(2):98-108.

Table 3.
19 of the 37 studies correlating exposure to fluoride and the lowering of IQ in children

Note: Of these 19 studies, 8 were original studies published in Fluoride and 11 were translated (by the Fluoride Action Network) and published in Fluoride with permission of the Chinese journals that originally published them.

Poureslami HR, Horri A, Garrusi B. 2011. A comparative study of the IQ of children age 7-9 in a high and a low fluoride water city in Iran. Fluoride 44(3)163–167.Note: A version of this study was published in the Journal of Dentistry and Oral Hygiene 3(4):61-64. 2011.
Trivedi MH, Sangal NP, Patel RS, Payak S, Vyas SJ.  2012.  Assessment of groundwater quality with special reference to fluoride and its impact on IQ of schoolchildren in six villages of the Mundra Region, Kachchh, Gujurat, India. Fluoride 45(4):377-83. Wang S, et al. 2008 (first published 2005). The effects of endemic fluoride poisoning caused by coal burning on the physical development and intelligence of childrenJournal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics 20(9):897-898 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:344-348).
Eswar P, Nagesh L, Devaraj. CG. 2011. Intelligent quotients of 12-14 year old school children in a high and low fluoride village in IndiaFluoride 44:168-72. Ren D, Li K,  Liu D. 2008 (first published1989). A study of the intellectual ability of 8-14 year-old children in high fluoride, low iodine areasChinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases 4(4):251 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:319-20).
Li Y, Li X, Wei S. 2008 (first published in 1994). Effects of high fluoride intake on child mental work capacity: Preliminary investigation into the mechanisms involvedJournal of West China University of Medical Sciences 25(2):188-91 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:331-35). Qin LS, Cui SY. 2008 (first published 1990). Using the Raven’s standard progressive matrices to determine the effects of the level of fluoride in drinking water on the intellectual ability of school-age childrenChinese Journal of the Control of Endemic Diseases 5(4):203-04 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:115–19).
Yang Y, Wang X, Guo X, Hu P. 2008 (first published in 1994). The effects of high levels of fluoride and iodine on intellectual ability and the metabolism of fluoride and iodineChinese Journal of Epidemiology 15(4):296-98 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:336-339). Trivedi MH, Verma RJ, Chinoy NJ, Patel RS, Sathawara NG. 2007. Effect of high fluoride water on intelligence of school children in IndiaFluoride 40(3):178-183.
Guo X, Wang R, Cheng C, et al.  2008 (first published in 1991). A preliminary investigation of the IQs of 7-13 year old children from an area with coal burning-related fluoride poisoningChinese Journal of Endemiology 10(2):98-100 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41(2):125–28). Li Y, Jing X, Chen D, Lin L, Wang Z. 2003. Effects of endemic fluoride poisoning on the intellectual development of children in Baotou. Chinese Journal of Public Health Management 19(4):337-338 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:161-64).
Chen YX, Han F, Zhou Z, et al. 2008 (first published 1991). Research on the intellectual development of children in high fluoride areasChinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases 6(Suppl):99-100 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:120–24). Xiang Q, Liang Y, Zhou M, Zang H. 2003a. Effect of fluoride in drinking water on children’s intelligence. Fluoride 36: 84-94. –Xiang Q, Liang Y, Zhou M, Zang H. 2003b (Letter). Blood lead of children in Wamiao-Xinhuai intelligence studyFluoride 36:198-199.
Hong F, Cao Y, Yang D, Wang H. 2008 (first published in 2001). Research on the effects of fluoride on child intellectual development under different environmentsChinese Primary Health Care 15(3):56-57 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41(2):156–60). Lu Y, Wu LN, Wang X, Lu W, Liu SS. 2000. Effect of high-fluoride water on intelligence of childrenFluoride 33:74-78.
Li Y, et al. 2008 (first published 2003). Effects of endemic fluoride poisoning on the intellectual development of children in BaotouChinese Journal of Public Health Management 19(4):337-338 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:161-64). Zhao LB, Liang GH, Zhang DN, Wu XR. 1996. Effect of high-fluoride water supply on children’s intelligenceFluoride 29: 190-192.
Wang G, Yang D,  Jia F, Wang H. 2008 (first published in1996). A study of the IQ levels of four- to seven-year-old children in high fluoride areasEndemic Diseases Bulletin 11(1):60-6 (This is a translated report republished in Fluoride 2008; 41:340–43). Li XS, Zhi JL, Gao RO. 1995. Effect of fluoride exposure on intelligence in childrenFluoride 28:189-192.