The following are two Tables that contain the number of participants in the fluoride IQ studies.
Table 1 contains the information from the 67 studies that found an association of fluoride exposure with the lowering of IQ. Participants included: 24,138 children and 245 adults.
Table 2 contains the information from the 8 studies that found no association of fluoride exposure and the lowering of IQ. Particpants included 4,047 children and 1,037 adults (who were tested both as children and again at age 38).
TABLE 1: Number of participants in 63 studies reporting an association of fluoride exposure and the lowering of IQ |
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Year | IQ Study # | Lead Author | # of Children | Ages of Children | Sub-total CHILDREN |
# and Ages of Adults | Sub-total ADULTS |
2020 | 67 | Xu | 633 | 7-13 | 24,623 | ||
2020 | 66 | Lou | 99 | 8-12 | 23,990 | ||
2019 | 65 | Till | 398 | 3 – 4 | 23,891 | 245 | |
2019 | 64 | Wang | 571 | 7 – 13 | 23,493 | ||
2019 | 63 | Green | 512 | 3 – 4 | 22,922 | ||
2018 | 62 | Cui | 323 | 7 – 16 | 22,410 | ||
2018 | 61 | El Sehmawy | 1,000 | 4.6 – 11 | 22,087 | ||
2018 | 60 | Induswe | 269 | 13 – 15 | 21,087 | ||
2018 | 59 | Mustafa | 775 | Primary school students | 20,818 | ||
2018 | 58 | Pang | 268 | 8 – 12 | 20,043 | ||
2017 | 57 | Chang | 118 | up to 12 months | 19,775 | ||
2017 | 56 | Jin | 284 | 8 – 12 | 19,657 | ||
2017 | 54 | Razdan | 219 | 12 – 14 | 19,373 | ||
2018 | 54 | Yu | 2,886 | 7 – 13 | 19,154 | ||
2017 | 53 | Bashash | 299 | 4 and 6 – 12 | 16,268 | ||
2107 | 52 | Valdez Jiménez | 65 | 3 – 15 months | 15,969 | ||
2016 | 51 | Das | 149 | 6 – 18 | 15,904 | ||
2016 | 50 | Aravind | 288 | 10-12 | 15,755 | ||
2016 | 49 | Mondal | 40 | 10-14 | 15,467 | ||
2015 | 48 | Khan | 429 | 6 – 12 | 15,427 | ||
2015 | 47 | Sebastian | 405 | 10 – 12 | 14,998 | ||
2015 | 46 | Kundu | 200 | 8 – 12 | 14,593 | ||
2015 | 45 | Choi | 51 | 7.1 = Average age | 14,393 | ||
2015 | 44 | Zhang | 180 | 11 = Average age | 14,342 | ||
2014 | 43 | Bai | 303 | 8 – 12 | 14,162 | ||
2014 | 42 | Wei | 741 | 8 – 12 | 13,859 | ||
2013 | 41 | Nagarajappa | 100 | 8 – 10 | 13,118 | ||
2013 | 40 | Singh | 42 | 9 – 14 | 13,018 | ||
2014 | 39 | Karimzade | 39 | 9 – 12 | 12,976 | ||
2012 | 38 | Trivedi | 84 | 6th – 7th graders | 12,937 | ||
2012 | 37 | Seraj | 293 | 6 – 11 | 12,853 | ||
2012 | 36 | Saxena | 173 | 5th – 6th graders | 12,560 | ||
2011 | 35 | Ding | 331 | 7 – 14 | 12,387 | ||
2011 | 34 | Poureslami | 120 | 7 – 9 | 12,056 | ||
2011 | 33 | Eswar | 133 | 12 – 14 | 11,936 | ||
2011 | 32 | Shivaprakash | 160 | 7 – 11 | 11,803 | ||
2009 | 31 | Sudhir | 1,000 | 13 – 15 | 11,643 | ||
2009 | 30 | Li | 80 | 8 – 12 | 10,643 | ||
2007 | 29 | Rocha-Amador | 132 | 6 – 10 | 10,563 | ||
2007 | 28 | Wang | 720 | 8 – 12 | 10,431 | ||
2007 | 27 | Trivedi | 190 | 12 – 13 | 9,711 | ||
2007 | 26 | Fan | 79 | 7 – 14 | 9,521 | ||
2006 | 25 | Seraj | 126 | “children” Ages not provided in English abstract |
9,442 | ||
2005 | 24 | Wang | 226 | 7 – 12 | 9,316 | ||
2003 | 23 | Xiang | 512 | 8 – 13 | 9,090 | ||
2003 | 22 | Li | 936 | 6 – 13 | 8,578 | ||
2003 | 21 | Shao | # Adults: 88 Ages: 30 – 50 |
245 | |||
2001 | 20 | Wang | 513 | 8 – 12 | 7,642 | ||
2001 | 19 | Hong | 205 | 8 – 14 | 7,129 | ||
2000 | 18 | Lu | 118 | 10 – 12 | 6,924 | ||
1998 | 17 | Zhang | 164 | 4 – 10 | 6,806 | ||
1997 | 16 | Yao | 823 | 7 – 14 | 6,642 | ||
1996 | 15 | Yao | 536 | 8 – 12 | 5,819 | ||
1996 | 14 | Zhao | 320 | 7 – 14 | 5,283 | ||
1996 | 13 | Wang | 230 | 4 – 7 | 4,963 | ||
1995 | 12 | Duan | # Adults: 157 Ages: 35 – 62 |
157 | |||
1995 | 11 | Li | 907 | 8 – 13 | 4,733 | ||
1994 | 10 | Xu | 330 | 9 – 14 | 3,496 | ||
1994 | 9 | Li | 158 | 12 – 13 | 3,166 | ||
1994 | 8 | Yang | 60 | 8 – 14 | 3,008 | ||
1992 | 7 | An | 242 | 7 – 16 | 2,948 | ||
1991 | 6 | Lin | 749 | 7 – 14 | 2,706 | ||
1991 | 5 | Guo | 121 | 7 – 13 | 1,957 | ||
1991 | 4 | Chen | 640 | 7 – 14 | 1,836 | ||
1991 | 3 | Sun | 420 | 6.5 – 12 | 1,196 | ||
1990 | 2 | Qin | 447 | 9 – 10.5 | 776 | ||
1989 | 1 | Ren | 329 | 8 – 14 | 329 |
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TABLE 2: Number of participants in 8 studies reporting NO association of fluoride exposure and the lowering of IQ |
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Year | IQ Study # | Lead Author | # of Children | Ages of Children | Sub-total CHILDREN |
# and Ages of Adults |
2019 | #8 | Soto-Barreras | 161 | 9 – 10 | 4,047 | |
2015 | #7 | Broadbent | 1,037 | 7 – 13 | 3,886 | # 1,037 Age: 38 |
2011 | #6 | Kang | 268 | Not available | 2,849 | |
2010 | #5 | Li | 676 | 7 – 10 | 2,581 | |
2010 | #4 | He | 200 | 8 – 12 | 1,905 | |
2000 | #3 | Calderon | 61 | 6 – 8 | 1,705 | |
1998 | #2 | Spittle | 1,265 | 8 – 9 | 1,644 | |
1989 | #1 | Hu | 379 | Not available | 379 | # and Ages are not available |