Abstract
Background: Fluorosis is an endemic condition with prevalence in 19 states and union territories in India. It is an urgent task to survey the fluorosis-related problems in these regions.
Objective: To study the clinical manifestations of water-born fluorosis among schoolchildren in Kaiwara village of India.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in all schoolchildren between 1st and 7th standard studying in Kaiwara village, Karnataka State, India. Parameters studied included fluoride ingestion through drinking water, fluoride excretion through urine, clinical features of fluorosis. These included dental staining, genu valgum, goiter, and conjunctival xerosis. Fluoride in water and urine samples was estimated using an ion meter.
Results: Of the 416 schoolchildren studied, 24.0% children had dental fluorosis, 11.4% children had genu valgum, 20.9% had goiter, and 10.3% had xerosis of the conjunctiva. One hundred children passed high levels of fluoride in urine, while 90% of water samples consumed by the local residents contained high levels of fluoride.
Conclusion: It was proved that water-born fluorosis is endemic in Kaiwara village. The endemic prevalence of the syndrome of fluorosis among school children was characterized by dental mottling, genu valgum, endemic goiter, and xerosis of the conjunctiva.
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Moderating Role of TSHR and PTPN22 Gene Polymorphisms in Effects of Excessive Fluoride on Thyroid: a School-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
We aimed to investigate the relationship between the effects excessive of fluoride on thyroid health in children and the moder- ating role of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) or protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor-22 (PTPN22) gene polymorphisms. Four hundred thirteen children (141 with dental fluorosis and 198 boys) were enrolled from
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A survey of goiter morbidity in Ban Mae Toen, northwest Thailand.
A number of cases of goiter have been reported from Ban Mae Toen (BMT) northwestern Thailand, therefore we carried out this study to evaluate the prevalence and severity of goiter in BMT. We suspected fluoride toxicity as a factor in this phenomenon, therefore we used a WHO model using photographs
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Endemic goiter associated with high iodine intake in primary school children in the Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic.
The high prevalence of goiter in Saharan children visiting Asturias in the summer prompted us to study the problem in greater depth. Neck palpation was performed in a sample of 570 school children from the Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic. Weight, height, T4, thyroid-stimulating hormone and anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies in capillary blood were
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Fluoride, water hardness, and endemic goitre.
The prevalence of goitre in 17 Himalayan villages has been estimated. Water-samples from each village were taken, and levels of iodine, fluoride, and hardness determined. In 13 villages wide variations in goitre prevalence were not attributable to differences in iodine intake, which remained constant within a narrow range. Instead, variations
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Role of nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor in fluoride-induced goitrogenesis in rats
Endemic fluorosis is a serious problem in public health. Previous studies have indicated that patients with thyroid goiters usually live in fluoride-affected areas. However, the mechanism of goitrogenesis caused independently by fluoride is still unclear. The principle objective of this study was to investigate the possible roles of nitric oxide
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Fluorine in the Aetiology of Endemic Goitre
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