Abstract
Background: Fluorosis is an endemic condition with prevalence in 19 states and union territories in India. It is an urgent task to survey the fluorosis-related problems in these regions.
Objective: To study the clinical manifestations of water-born fluorosis among schoolchildren in Kaiwara village of India.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in all schoolchildren between 1st and 7th standard studying in Kaiwara village, Karnataka State, India. Parameters studied included fluoride ingestion through drinking water, fluoride excretion through urine, clinical features of fluorosis. These included dental staining, genu valgum, goiter, and conjunctival xerosis. Fluoride in water and urine samples was estimated using an ion meter.
Results: Of the 416 schoolchildren studied, 24.0% children had dental fluorosis, 11.4% children had genu valgum, 20.9% had goiter, and 10.3% had xerosis of the conjunctiva. One hundred children passed high levels of fluoride in urine, while 90% of water samples consumed by the local residents contained high levels of fluoride.
Conclusion: It was proved that water-born fluorosis is endemic in Kaiwara village. The endemic prevalence of the syndrome of fluorosis among school children was characterized by dental mottling, genu valgum, endemic goiter, and xerosis of the conjunctiva.
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The investigation of effects of fluorosis on thyroid volume in school-age children
Aim To compare the urine iodine, luoride, and to measure thyroid volumes in 10-15-year-old children using ultrasonography, a gold standard in evaluating thyroid volume. Methods A total of 261 children were enrolled into the study group from the 4-8th grades of 3 different primary schools, which were in the zone with high fluoride
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[Effect of different fluoride and iodine concentration in drinking water on children's dental fluorosis and thyroid function].
Objective: To investigate the effect of different concentrations of fluoride and iodine in drinking water on children's dental fluorosis and thyroid function. Methods: According to different concentration of fluoride and iodine in drinking water, four villages in two counties of Henan province were classified as high fluoride and iodine, high fluoride,
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Assessment of iodine status in children, adults, pregnant women and lactating women in iodine-replete areas of China
BACKGROUND: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are widespread in China. Presently, IDD have been put under control by Universal Salt Iodisation (USI) in China; however, there is a lack of evidence on whether the iodine status in adults, pregnant women and lactating women is optimal. This study was therefore conducted to assess
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Fluorine and thyroid gland function: a review of the literature
The increasing use of fluoride for prevention of dental caries poses the problem as to whether this halogen has antagonistic properties towards iodine, whereby it could hamper the success of iodine prophylaxis of endemic goitre. Review of the literature shows that some authors have found an inhibition by fluoride of
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Fluorine in the aetiology of endemic goitre
MANY different factors leading to relative or absolute deficiency of iodine may cause changes in the thyroid gland. May (1935) found that the administration of fluorine to rats produced hypoplasia of the thyroid epithelium with altered staining reaction of the colloid. Having experimented with over 800 patients, he advocated internal
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