Abstract
The in vitro effects of two metabolites of inhalational anaesthetics, fluoride and bromide, on pseudocholinesterase (PCHE) and acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) activities in the blood samples of seven healthy patients were studied. The PCHE and ACHE activities were determined by kinetic spectrophotometric methods. Fluoride at the levels achieved with clinical concentrations of enflurane and sevoflurane (25-75 microM.L-1) inhibited PCHE activity by 28-65 per cent (P less than 0.01) and ACHE activity by less than five per cent (P greater than 0.05). Bromide at the levels achieved with clinical concentrations of inhalational anaesthetics had no significant effect on either PCHE or ACHE activity. We recommend caution when succinylcholine and/or ester type local anaesthetics are used in the immediate postoperative period following enflurane or sevoflurane anaesthesia. We also recommend that blood drawing for PCHE activity be delayed at least until 24 hr following enflurane or sevoflurane anaesthesia.
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National Toxicology Program Systematic literature review of animal studies.
Official citation: NTP (National Toxicology Program). 2016. Systematic Literature Review on the Effects of Fluoride on Learning and Memory in Animal Studies. NTP Research Report 1. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Toxicology Program. Conclusion (page 59): Very few studies assessed learning and memory effects in experimental animals (rats and mice) at exposure
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Rutin attenuates neurobehavioral deficits, oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation and apoptosis in fluoride treated rats.
Highlights The influence of rutin on fluoride – induced neurotoxicity in rat was studied. Rutin reversed the fluoride – induced neurobehavioral deficits in rats. Rutin reversed the fluoride – induced inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in rat cerebrum and striatum. Rutin enhanced antioxidant status and inhibited neuro-inflammation and apoptosis in fluoride
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A correlation between serum vitamin, acetylcholinesterase activity and IQ in children with excessive endemic fluoride exposure in Rajasthan, India
Fluoride is widely distributed in nature and a direct source of adverse health effects in human populations. Fluoride poisoning attributed by long-term exposure to high levels of fluoride [is] called fluorosis. The present study was carried out among 9-14 years old school children of Dausa district, Rajasthan India. The subjects
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Interplay of ROS and behavioral pattern in fluoride exposed Drosophila melanogaster.
Highlights NaF exposure increases mortality and changes male-female ratio in Drosophila. NaF treatment alters the activities endogenous antioxidant enzymes. Chronic sub-lethal NaF exposure causes increased oxidative damage. NaF decreases brain cell viability and increases DNA damage. NaF exposure alters selected behavioral pattern in Drosophila melanogaster. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is
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Neurobehavioral and neurochemical effects in rats offspring co-exposed to arsenic and fluoride during development.
Highlights Arsenic/Fluoride co-exposure during development causes neurobehavioral alterations in offspring. iAs/F causes delayed development of sensorimotor reflexes and produces less nociceptive response. iAs/F co-exposure increase locomotor activity. Antioxidant enzymes and neurotransmitter level are altered in the striatum area. Arsenic (iAs) and fluoride (F) are ubiquitous in the environment. All over
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
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Fluoride & IQ: 69 Studies
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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