Abstract
Two experiments were conducted in order to determine if challenge testing, a procedure developed by clinical allergists, could be used to provoke behavioral reactions to chemicals found in municipal waters. In one experiment, 10 male and 32 female volunteers tracked a moving target and monitored lights after
receiving sublingual drops that contained only water or varying amounts of sodium fluoride and nitrate. Dosage levels in this experiment equaled, exceeded, or fell below those found in municipal waters. In a second experiment, 20 females performed this task after receiving sublingual drops of the same test substances in a repeated measures design; dosage levels equaled or exceeded levels found in municipal waters by 100 or 500 times, Neither type nor amount of chemical affected primary task performance; however, after receiving sublingual drops in the first (between-subjects) experiment, subjects paid less attention to lights on their right. In the second experiment, subjects made more errors and had longer
response latencies after they received moderate and very high concentrations of the test substances. It was concluded that challenge testing is a safe but effective technique for provoking and studying reactions to chemicals when it is combined with a sensitive measure of sensorimotor performance.
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Prenatal fluoride exposure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children at 6–12 years of age in Mexico City.
Highlights We measured urinary fluoride in 213 pregnant women living in Mexico City who were part of the ELEMENT pregnancy cohort study. Higher concentration of maternal urinary fluoride was associated with more ADHD-like symptoms in school-age children. Prenatal exposure to fluoride was most strongly associated with behavioral ratings of
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Exposure to environmental neurotoxic substances and neurodevelopment in children from Latin America and the Caribbean.
Environmental (and occupational) exposure to neurotoxic substances is a worldwide problem that can affect children's neurodevelopment (ND). In Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries there are over 300 million children living under the threat of neurodevelopmental delays due to toxic environmental exposure. Large industrial centers, intense mining and agricultural activities,
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Carica Papaya leaf extract as a neuroprotective agent against behavioral and neurotransmitter changes in brain of the rat treated with sodium fluoride in pre- and post-natal periods.
Background: Fluoride is an excitotoxin challenging the excitatory receptors and activate them continuously and also in proliferation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species leading to neurodegeneration and its associated dysfunction. Chronic exposure to 20ppm sodium fluoride to pregnant rats is proven to be neurotoxic for the developing pups. Carica papaya
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Appetitive-based learning in rats: lack of effect of chronic exposure to fluoride.
BACKGROUND: Chronic ingestion of optimally fluoridated water (ca. 1.0 mg/L) has not been associated with any adverse health effects. Possible effects on the nervous system, however, have received little attention. One study with rats given high doses of fluoride reported subtle behavioral changes. The authors suggested that the ability of
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[Effects of selenium on the damage of learning-memory ability of mice induced by fluoride].
Sodium fluoride added with or without selenite in deionized water was administered to male mice for 8 weeks. The influences of fluoride on learning-memory behavior were tested on Y-maze, and the ultrastructure of Gray 1 synaptic interface in the CA3 area hippocampus was qualitatively analyzed by electron microscopy and computer
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
• As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies which reported an association of reduced IQ with exposure
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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