Abstract
Hereditary diabetes insipidus is a rare endocrine disorder caused by a deficiency of the antidiuretic hormone, vasopressin. The disease is characterized by polyuria, extreme thirst, and polydipsia. In this study of six affected members from two families with hereditary diabetes insipidus, it was found that two children who drank water fluoridated at optimum levels developed moderate to severe fluorosis. By contrast, four other affected patients who did not consume fluoridated water showed normal dentitions. This report indicates that dental fluorosis may be an important complication of diabetes insipidus, and demonstrates the possibility that excessive consumption of optimally fluoridated water can lead to severe developmental enamel defects.
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The pathogenesis of endemic fluorosis: Research progress in the last 5 years.
Fluorine is one of the trace elements necessary for health. It has many physiological functions, and participates in normal metabolism. However, fluorine has paradoxical effects on the body. Many studies have shown that tissues and organs of humans and animals appear to suffer different degrees of damage after long-term direct
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Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA’s Standards.
Excerpts: Summary Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to establish exposure standards for contaminants in public drinking-water systems that might cause any adverse effects on human health. These standards include the maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG), the maximum contaminant level (MCL), and the secondary
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Current and future role of fluoride in nutrition.
Fluoride continues to be the cornerstone of dental caries prevention in North America and throughout the world, and there are a variety of sources of fluoride that may contribute to the dietary intakes of fluoride. Although the severe effect of chronic exposures to high levels of fluoride--skeletal fluorosis--is extremely rare
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High prevalence of dental fluorosis among adolescents is a growing concern: a school based cross-sectional study from Southern India.
Background Fluorosis, caused by ingestion of excessive amount of fluoride through food or water, is a major public health problem in India. This study was undertaken to quantify the dental fluorosis burden among school going adolescents and to find factors associated with dental fluorosis in Kolar taluka, Karnataka, India. Methods A total of
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Prevalence of dental fluorosis in fluoridated and nonfluoridated communities--a preliminary investigation
As a result of undocumented observations that the prevalence of dental fluorosis in both fluoridated and nonfluoridated communities may be higher than would be predicted on the basis of Dean's data from the 1940s, dental fluorosis assessments using a modification of Dean's Index were made in 1981 as part of
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Effect on Glucose Metabolism
This section on Diabetes includes: • Fluoride & Impaired Glucose Tolerance • Fluoride & Insulin • Fluoride Sensitivity Among Diabetics • Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus • NRC (2006): Fluoride’s Effect on Glucose Metabolism The following discussion is from pages 258-260 of the NRC’s report’s “Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific
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Moderate/Severe Dental Fluorosis
In its "moderate" and severe forms, fluoride causes a marked increase in the porosity of the enamel. After eruption into mouth, the porous enamel of moderate to severe fluorosis readily takes up stain, creating permanent brown and black discolorations of the teeth. In addition to extensive staining, teeth with moderate to severe fluorosis are more prone to attrition and wear - leading to pitting, chipping, and decay.
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Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus
This section on Diabetes includes: • Fluoride & Impaired Glucose Tolerance • Fluoride & Insulin • Fluoride Sensitivity Among Diabetics • Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus • NRC (2006): Fluoride’s Effect on Glucose Metabolism Excessive exposure to fluoride causes a defect of the tooth enamel known as dental fluorosis. In
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Severe Dental Fluorosis: Perception and Psychological Impact
[caption id="attachment_8879" align="aligncenter" width="550"] Severe fluorosis - Photograph by David Kennedy, DDS[/caption] In its severe forms, dental fluorosis causes highly disfiguring brown and black staining of the teeth, which can cause chronic embarrassment and social anxiety for the impacted child. In 1984, a panel from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) warned
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Dental Fluorosis in the U.S. 1950-2004
Before the widespread use of fluoride in dentistry, dental fluorosis was rarely found in western countries. Today, with virtually every toothpaste now containing fluoride, and most U.S. water supplies containing fluoride chemicals, dental fluorosis rates have reached unprecedented levels. In the 1950s, it was estimated that only 10% of children in
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