Abstract
Female mice were fed a low fluoride diet (0.1 to 0.3 ppm fluoride) plus drinking water containing 0, 50, 100 or 200 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride. Toxic effects of fluoride were evidenced by retarded growth and impaired reproduction in mice with intakes of 100 and 200 ppm fluoride, and the higher level resulted in a high mortality rate (50% deaths in 5 weeks). Mice with a low fluoride intake developed signs of fluorine deficiency, with a progressive development of infertility in two successive generations. Growth rate and litter size were not affected by the low fluoride intake, but the percentage of mice producing litters was lower, and the age at delivery of the first litter was greater than in mice receiving 50 ppm fluoride.
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Ultrastructural studies of spermiogenesis in rabbit exposed to chronic fluoride toxicity
OBJECTIVE: To address the role of fluoride in causing defects to spermatids and epididymal spermatozoa. METHODS: Male rabbits were treated with 10 mg NaF/kg body weight daily for 18 months and maintained under identical laboratory conditions along with the control rabbits not given NaF. Testis and epididymis (caput) were investigated
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Epidemiology of drinking water fluoride and its contribution to fertility, infertility, and abortion: an ecological study in West Azerbaijan province, Poldasht County, Iran.
Research, including animal studies, shows that the fluoride ion (F) adversely impacts the reproductive system in mammals. However, the gene-environment interaction mechanisms involved in this association remain unclear. The objective of the present study was to measure the F level in two regions of Poldasht county, Iran, with low and
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Fluoride interferes with sperm fertilizing ability via downregulated SPAM1, ACR and PRSS21 expression in rat epididymis.
Fluoride is a widespread environmental pollutant which can induce low sperm quality and fertilizing ability, however, the underlying mechanism is still remaining unclear. Hence, we aimed to investigate the influence of fluoride on sperm fertilizing ability via some key proteins in epididymis. For this, forty adult rats were assigned randomly
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Natrium fluoride influences methylation modifications and induces apoptosis in mouse early embryos
Fluoride is considered a major pollutant of ground water and can cause cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. This study epigenetically examined the effect of fluoride on early embryos of Kunming mice administered with 0, 20, 60, and 120 mg/L sodium fluoride (NaF) for 30 days. The results showed that NaF
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Developmental toxicity of sodium fluoride in rats.
Despite the chronic exposure of the US population to fluoridated drinking water since the 1940s, existing studies have been judged inadequate to determine any potential reproductive or developmental hazard. This study was conducted to determine the effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) on foetal development. Sperm-positive female rats were given 0,
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System - Human Studies
Consistent with in vitro and animal research, studies of human populations have reported associations between fluoride exposure and damage to the male reproductive system. Most notably, a scientist at the Food & Drug Administration reported in 1994 that populations in the United States with more than 3 ppm fluoride in their water had lower "total fertility rates" than populations with lower fluoride levels.
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System -- The "Sprando/Collins" Anomaly
In contrast to the findings of over 60 animal studies from other research teams, a series of studies by FDA researchers Sprando & Collins reported virtually no evidence of reproductive toxicity among animals treated with very high levels of fluoride exposure. The reasons for this discrepancy remains unclear. Excerpts from Sprando/Collins' Studies: "This study
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System: Animal Studies
Over 60 studies on animals (including rats, mice, roosters, and rabbits) have found that fluoride adversely impacts the male reproductive system. These studies have repeatedly found the following effects: (1) decreases in testosterone levels; (2) reduced sperm motility; (3) altered sperm morphology; (4) reduced sperm quantity; (5) increased oxidative stress; (6) and reduced capacity to breed.
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Fluoride's Effect on the Male Reproductive System -- In Vitro Studies
Carefully controlled in vitro studies have found that direct exposure of fluoride to the testes or semen inhibits testosterone production and damages sperm. While researchers have known since the 1930s that mega concentrations of fluoride can completely (but reversibly) immobilize sperm, it was not until the 1970s and 1980s that researchers found that relatively modest concentrations of fluoride could cause damage prior to complete immobilization.
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