Abstract
Perfluorochemicals provide a biologically inert system for oxygen transport to tissue. The purpose of the present study was to determine if a simple clean-up procedure could reverse the endocrine toxicity of a commercially produced perfluorochemical emulsion, Oxypherol-E.T. The clean-up procedure consisted of a combined resin and dialysis treatment. The endocrine toxicity of the untreated and treated perfluorochemical emulsions was tested by determining their effect on testosterone secretion by rat testes perfused in vitro. Rat testes perfused with untreated Oxypherol-E.T. secreted low amounts of testosterone. However, the treated Oxypherol-E.T. was an effective and nontoxic oxygen carrier for testes perfused in vitro. The results are significant because they suggest that the endocrine toxicity of Oxypherol-E.T. is caused by toxic contaminants and not the perfluorochemicals. Additional experiments revealed that the fluoride ion may be the primary toxic contaminant of Oxypherol-E.T. The data support the efficacy of perfluorochemicals as oxygen carriers for rat testes perfused in vitro.
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[Experimental study on fas expression of spermatogenic cell in male rats induced by fluorine].
OBJECTIVE: To research the effect of fluorine on the expression of Fas protein, then study the mechanism of male reproductive toxicity induced by fluoride on molecular level. METHODS: Thirty Wistar male rats were divided into control group, low-dose group and high-dose group. The NaF dosage for every group were 0,2 and
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[Excessive fluoride increases the expression of osteocalcin in the mouse testis].
OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of excessive fluoride on the levels of osteocalcin and testosterone in the testis of the male mouse. METHODS: Twenty-four C57BL/6J male mice were equally randomized into a normal control and a fluorosis model group, the former fed on distilled water while the latter on a solution of sodium
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Exposure to Fluoride From in Utero to Puberty Alters Gonadal Structure and Steroid Hormone Expression in Offspring Rats.
The reproductive toxicity of fluoride has been proven by a large number of studies. While the underlying mechanism of reproductive toxicity during pregnancy is still unclear. Hence, in this study, we investigated the effects of fluoride exposure on ovarian and testicular steroid hormone synthesis in young and adult rat offspring.
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Fluoride exposure aggravates the testicular damage and Sperm Quality in diabetic mice: protective role of ginseng and banaba
Fluoride toxicity is known to pose infertility in fluoride-intoxicated animals as well as in people residing in fluoride endemic zones. The present study addresses the degree of impairments caused due to co-exposure of high fluoride toxicity in diabetic mice. Swiss mice, Mus musculus, were subjected to fluoride toxicity by providing
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Biochemical effects of fluoride on lipid metabolism in the reproductive organs of male rabbits
The effect of fluoride on testicular lipid metabolism was assessed in male albino rabbits in experimental fluorosis. Fifty male albino rabbits were administered sodium fluoride (5, 10, 20, and 50 mg/kg body weight/day) subcutaneously for 100 days. The control animals were given 1 cc distilled water/kg body weight over the
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Fluoride's Effect on the Male Reproductive System -- In Vitro Studies
Carefully controlled in vitro studies have found that direct exposure of fluoride to the testes or semen inhibits testosterone production and damages sperm. While researchers have known since the 1930s that mega concentrations of fluoride can completely (but reversibly) immobilize sperm, it was not until the 1970s and 1980s that researchers found that relatively modest concentrations of fluoride could cause damage prior to complete immobilization.
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System -- The "Sprando/Collins" Anomaly
In contrast to the findings of over 60 animal studies from other research teams, a series of studies by FDA researchers Sprando & Collins reported virtually no evidence of reproductive toxicity among animals treated with very high levels of fluoride exposure. The reasons for this discrepancy remains unclear. Excerpts from Sprando/Collins' Studies: "This study
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System - Human Studies
Consistent with in vitro and animal research, studies of human populations have reported associations between fluoride exposure and damage to the male reproductive system. Most notably, a scientist at the Food & Drug Administration reported in 1994 that populations in the United States with more than 3 ppm fluoride in their water had lower "total fertility rates" than populations with lower fluoride levels.
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System: Animal Studies
Over 60 studies on animals (including rats, mice, roosters, and rabbits) have found that fluoride adversely impacts the male reproductive system. These studies have repeatedly found the following effects: (1) decreases in testosterone levels; (2) reduced sperm motility; (3) altered sperm morphology; (4) reduced sperm quantity; (5) increased oxidative stress; (6) and reduced capacity to breed.
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