Abstract
Mineral balance studies were performed to clarify the mechanism of the development of renal calcification and its prevention by dietary fluoride (0.1% as NaF) in KK mice fed a low magnesium (0.04% ) diet. Upon feeding the diet, the product of urinary calcium and phosphorus concentrations showed a 10-fold increase which was due to a marked rise of the urinary phosphorus concentration. The same phenomenon was also observed in ICR mice which did not develop renal calcification. Therefore, the inherited high susceptibility to renal calcification of KK mice was explicable by a lowered threshold level of the product in the crystal formation of calcium phosphate salt. Supplemental fluoride inhibited the rise of the concentration product, which may partly be responsible for the prevention of the development of renal calcification. The action of fluoride was based on a depressed urinary phosphorus excretion and also a dilution of the excreted calcium and phosphorus by a fluoride-induced polyuria. The diuretic action of fluoride was evidenced by an increased urinary volume, sodium excretion and a decreased osmolality. Feeding the low magnesium diet caused a hyperpotassemia without changes in heart potassium. The hyperpotassemia was prevented by a smaller amount of fluoride than that required for the prevention of renal calcification.
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Toxicokinetics and metabolism deteriorated by acute nephrotoxicity after a single intravenous injection of hydrofluoric acid in rats
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the early dynamic state of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) in blood and urine as a model of accidental occupational exposure to a subtoxic dose of HFA. It was also aimed at determining the relationship between the kinetics and harmful effects of HFA on the
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.
Comment on Effects of fluoridation of community water supplies for people with chronic kidney disease. [Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007, Oct;22(10):2763-7.] Sir, Ludlow et al. [1] only confirmed that our knowledge of the potential adverse effects of chronic low fluoride supplementation of drinking water on normal or diseased kidneys is insufficient. More than
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Prevention of brick tea fluorosis in rats with low-fluoride brick tea on laboratory observation
To test whether low-fluoride brick tea can prevent the occurrence of fluorosis, rats had access only to a specially prepared low-fluoride brick tea for 1 year. The daily fluoride intake, fluoride metabolism, tissue distribution and development of tooth fluorosis were observed at 4-monthly intervals, at the end of months 4,
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Medical aspects of excessive fluoride in a water supply
A 10-year study of 116 persons in Bartlett and 121 in Cameron, Tex., was conducted to determine if prolonged exposure to fluoride in the water supply of Bartlett had produced detectable physiological effects. Bartlett's water contained about 8 p.p.m. F until 1952, when an experimental defluoridation unit was installed, reducing the
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A case of distal renal tubular acidosis, Southeast Asian ovalocytosis and possible fluorosis
A 39-year old man had periodic paralysis due to hypokalaemia. Investigations led to the diagnosis of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) and Southeast Asian ovalocytosis (SAO). Both can originate in mutations of the anion-exchanger 1 gene (AE1), which codes for band 3, the bicarbonate/chloride exchanger in both the red cell
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Kidney: A potential target for fluoride toxicity
The kidneys are the organ responsible for clearing fluoride from the body. In the process of doing so, the kidneys are exposed to concentrations of fluoride that exceed, by a factor of 50, the concentration of fluoride in human blood. As such, the kidney have long been considered a potential
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Fluoride Gels & Kidney Function
Scientists have found that the application of "Fluoride Gels" at the dental office causes very high spikes in the blood fluoride level. The high spikes in blood fluoride levels are a result of three factors: the high concentration of fluoride in the gel (= 12.3 mg of fluoride in each
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
A fairly substantial body of research indicates that patients with chronic renal insufficiency are at an increased risk of chronic fluoride toxicity. Patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates have a decreased ability to excrete fluoride in the urine. These patients may develop skeletal fluorosis even at 1 ppm fluoride in the drinking water.
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Fluoride as a Cause of Kidney Disease in Animals
Because the kidney is exposed to higher concentrations of fluoride than all other soft tissues (with the exception of the pineal gland), there is concern that excess fluoride exposure may contribute to kidney disease - thus initiating a "vicious cycle" where the damaged kidneys increase the accumulation of fluoride, causing in
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Fluoride as a Cause of Kidney Disease in Humans
Because the kidney is exposed to higher concentrations of fluoride than all other soft tissues (with the exception of the pineal gland), there is concern that excess fluoride exposure may contribute to kidney disease - thus initiating a "vicious cycle" where the damaged kidneys increase the accumulation of fluoride, causing
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