Abstract

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    Osteoporosis was induced by feeding a low calcium-high phosphorus diet for 41 weeks to adult beagles. The effect of fluoride to modify this condition was examined by adding increasing levels to the purified diet; daily intake of fluoride was about 0, 25, 85, 300 and 1,000 /ug/kg body weight. Radiographic

  • Insights into material and structural basis of bone fragility from diseases associated with fractures: how determinants of the biomechanical properties of bone are compromised by disease.

    Minimal trauma fractures in bone diseases are the result of bone fragility. Rather than considering bone fragility as being the result of a reduced amount of bone, we recognize that bone fragility is the result of changes in the material and structural properties of bone. A better understanding of the

  • The effect of fluoridated drinking water on the physical properties of the rat femur

    Twenty-one-day old weanling albino rats were divided into paired control and experimental groups, both of which were given ad libitum supplies of rat cake diet and drinking water (fluoride ion content 0·2-0·3 p.p.m.). The drinking water of the experimental groups was supplemented by the addition of sodium flJioride to give

  • Fluoride reduces bone strength in older rats

    In response to recent concerns about the effect of water fluoridation on hip fracture rates, we studied the influence of fluoride intake on bone strength. Four groups of rats were fed a low-fluoride diet ad libitum and received 0, 5, 15, or 50 ppm of fluoride in their drinking water.

  • Effects of fluoride on mechanical properties of femoral bone in growing rats

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  • Fluoride & Osteoarthritis

    While the osteoarthritic effects that occurred from fluoride exposure were once considered to be limited to those with skeletal fluorosis, recent research shows that fluoride can cause osteoarthritis in the absence of traditionally defined fluorosis. Conventional methods used for detecting skeletal fluorosis, therefore, will fail to detect the full range of people suffering from fluoride-induced osteoarthritis.

  • "Pre-Skeletal" Fluorosis

    As demonstrated by the studies below, skeletal fluorosis may produce adverse symptoms, including arthritic pains, clinical osteoarthritis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and bone fragility, before the classic bone change of fluorosis (i.e., osteosclerosis in the spine and pelvis) is detectable by x-ray. Relying on x-rays, therefore, to diagnosis skeletal fluorosis will invariably fail to protect those individuals who are suffering from the pre-skeletal phase of the disease. Moreover, some individuals with clinical skeletal fluorosis will not develop an increase in bone density, let alone osteosclerosis, of the spine. Thus, relying on unusual increases in spinal bone density will under-detect the rate of skeletal fluoride poisoning in a population.

  • Fluoride Reduces Bone Strength Prior to Onset of Skeletal Fluorosis

    The majority of animal studies investigating fluoride's impact on bone strength have found that fluoride has either no effect, or a detrimental effect, on bone strength. Importantly, several of the animal studies that have found fluoride reductes bone strength have reported that this reduction in strength occurs before signs of skeletal fluorosis

  • Skeletal Fluorosis Causes Bones to be Brittle & Prone to Fracture

    It has been known since as the early as the 1930s that patients with skeletal fluorosis have bone that is more brittle and prone to fracture. More recently, however, researchers have found that fluoride can reduce bone strength before the onset of skeletal fluorosis. Included below are some of the

  • The Relationship Between Fluoride, Bone Density, and Bone Strength

    Although fluoride has generally been found to reduce the bone density of cortical bone, it is well documented that fluoride can increase the density of trabecular bone (aka cancellous bone). Trabecular  bone is the primary bone of the spine, whereas cortical bone is the primary bone of the legs and arms. While increases in