Abstract

We report the results of a 5-year prospective cohort study of risk factors for fractures, including drinking fluoridated water, in a cohort of 3,216 men and women aged 65 years and older. We studied risk factors for hip fracture and fractures at other locations separately. We found a higher risk of hip fractures for subjects exposed to fluorine concentrations over 0.11 mg per liter but without a dose-effect relation (odds ratio (OR) = 3.25 for a concentration of 0.11-0.25 mg per liter; OR = 2.43 for > or = 0.25 mg per liter]. For higher thresholds (0.7 and 1 mg per liter), however, the OR was less than 1. We found no association between fluorine and non-hip fractures. Non-hip fractures were associated with polymedication rather than with specific drug use, whereas fracture was associated with polymedication and use of anxiolytic and antidepressive drugs. Subjects drinking spirits every day were more likely to have hip fractures. Tobacco consumption increased the risk for non-hip fractures.

• Related Studies :

  • Fluoride and fractures: an ecological fallacy.

    Fluoridation of public water to prevent dental caries has been advocated for more than a half century in the UK and USA, and the benefits of optimum fluoridation for oral health have been affirmed by the US Public Health Service.1 In addition to the beneficial effects on teeth, fluoride ingestion

  • Water fluoridation and hip fracture

    In a recent article in THE JOURNAL, Jacobsen et al (1) demonstrated a positive ecologic association between hip fracture discharge rates in the United States and fluoride content in water supplies. In a similar study, we recently reported the ecological association of discharge rates for hip fracture and water fluoride

  • Trabecular stress fractures during fluoride therapy for osteoporosis

    Joint pain and swelling in patients on fluoride therapy are generally attributed to rheumatic phenomena; however, their occurrence exclusively in the lower limbs suggests a mechanical cause. Eight patients receiving daily doses of sodium fluoride 1.09 mg/kg, elemental calcium 1 gm, and vitamin D 1000-2800 units for osteoporosis spontaneously developed

  • Possible Benefits and Adverse Effects of Fluoridation in England, 2018 Public Health England Report.

    The following abstract was presented by co-author Tony Fletcher at the August 2018 Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE) in Ottawa, Canada. The protective effect of community water fluoridation (CWF) on caries has been well demonstrated and relationships with adverse health outcomes have also been alleged. We

  • Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with slow-release sodium fluoride. Final report of a randomized controlled trial

    OBJECTIVE: To test whether slow-release sodium fluoride inhibits spinal fractures and is safe to use. DESIGN: Placebo-controlled randomized trial. INTERVENTIONS: Slow-release sodium fluoride, 25 mg twice daily, in four 14-month cycles (12 months receiving sodium fluoride followed by 2 months not receiving it) compared with placebo. Calcium citrate, 400 mg calcium twice daily, continuously in

• Related FAN Content :

  • Fluoride & Spontaneous Hip Fractures in Osteoporosis Patients

    Due to its ability to increase vertebral bone mass, fluoride has been used as an experimental treatment for osteoporosis (doses > 20 mg/day). Fluoride treatment, however, proved far more harmful than beneficial. Not only was fluoride therapy shown to increase fracture rates among the treated patients, it was also found to

  • The Relationship Between Fluoride, Bone Density, and Bone Strength

    Although fluoride has generally been found to reduce the bone density of cortical bone, it is well documented that fluoride can increase the density of trabecular bone (aka cancellous bone). Trabecular  bone is the primary bone of the spine, whereas cortical bone is the primary bone of the legs and arms. While increases in

  • Fluoride Reduces Bone Strength Prior to Onset of Skeletal Fluorosis

    The majority of animal studies investigating fluoride's impact on bone strength have found that fluoride has either no effect, or a detrimental effect, on bone strength. Importantly, several of the animal studies that have found fluoride reductes bone strength have reported that this reduction in strength occurs before signs of skeletal fluorosis

  • Skeletal Fluorosis: The Misdiagnosis Problem

    It is a virtual certainty that there are individuals in the general population unknowingly suffering from some form of skeletal fluorosis as a result of a doctor's failure to consider fluoride as a cause of their symptoms. Proof that this is the case can be found in the following case reports of skeletal fluorosis written by doctors in the U.S. and other western countries. As can be seen, a consistent feature of these reports is that fluorosis patients--even those with crippling skeletal fluorosis--are misdiagnosed for years by multiple teams of doctors who routinely fail to consider fluoride as a possible cause of their disease.

  • Fluoride Reduces Bone Strength in Animals

    Most animal studies investigating how fluoride effects bone strength have found either a detrimental effect, or no effect. Few animal studies have found a beneficial effect. In fact, one of the few studies that found a beneficial effect was unable to be repeated by the same authors in a later