Abstract

Excessive consumption of fluoride through drinking water or other sources lead to skeletal and dental fluorosis. According to the world health organization 23 nations are facing the problem of fluorosis. In the recent past researchers describe the non-skeletal fluorosis where soft tissues and major organs are the victims of fluoride toxicity. Hence in the present study we attempted to investigate the structural changes in various brain areas followed by fluoride exposure and to explore the protective effect of ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba against fluoride neurotoxicity. Animals were randomly divided into five groups. Control animals received ordinary water; fluoride animals received fluoride water; all the other animals in the study received gum acacia, ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba for first 15 days followed by the fluoride water for 30 days. The present experiment showed fluoride caused neurodegeneration in the form of dark, pyknotic neurons could be apoptosis/ necrosis. However the neurodegeneration is less severe in the ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba treated animals. Hence the ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba may help as alternate therapeutic strategy to treat fluorosis victims.

Keywords: Fluorosis, Ascorbic acid, Ginkgo biloba, Hippocampus, Amygdala, Motor cortex, Neurotoxicity

• Related Studies :

  • Protective role of gallic acid on sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress in rat brain

    Gallic acid is known as a potent antioxidant active compound of the edible and medicinal plant Peltiphyllum peltatum. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of gallic acid against sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Gallic acid (10 and 20 mg/kg) and vitamin C

  • Mitigating role of quercetin against sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain

    CONTEXT:  Quercetin is a well known aglycone flavonoid that is widely found in different food sources. OBJECTIVE:  In this study, the in vivo neuroprotective potential of quercetin against sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Wistar rats were divided into five treatment groups and then subjected to daily

  • Protective effects of curcumin against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain

    We examined effects of a plant polyphenolic compound, curcumin, against fluoride-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. Five experimental groups of male rats (10 animals each) were compared. Animals of these experimental groups were treated with curcumin (10 and 20 mg/kg body mass), vitamin C (10 mg/kg), and sample solvent

  • Protective effect of quercetin against sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress in rat's heart

    The antioxidative and cardioprotective properties of quercetin were investigated against sodium fluoride (NaF) induced oxidative stress in rat hearts. Experimental rats were divided into five groups. The first group served as the untreated (normal) control. The second group received NaF at a dose of 600 ppm through drinking water for

  • Silymarin and quercetin abrogates fluoride induced oxidative stress and toxic effects in rats

    Flavonoids have been extensively studied and reported to possess widespread biological activities, including antioxidant and chelating properties. They have been proposed to exert beneficial effects in a multitude of diseased states generated due to oxidative stress. Therapeutic efficacy of oral administration of Silymarin and Quercetin after fluoride exposure (50 ppm

• Related FAN Content :

  • Nutrient Deficiencies Enhance Fluoride Toxicity

    It has been known since the 1930s that poor nutrition enhances the toxicity of fluoride. As discussed below, nutrient deficiencies have been specifically linked to increased susceptibility to fluoride-induced tooth damage (dental fluorosis), bone damage (osteomalacia), neurotoxicity (reduced intelligence), and mutagenicity. The nutrients of primary importance appear to be calcium,

  • Fluoride & Oxidative Stress

    A vast body of research demonstrates that fluoride exposure increases oxidative stress. Based on this research, it is believed that fluoride-induced oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying the various toxic effects associated with fluoride exposure. It is also well established that fluoride's toxic effects can be ameliorated by exposure

  • Dental Fluorosis & Enamel Hypoplasia in Children with Kidney Disease

    Children with kidney disease are known to have high levels of fluoride in their blood and to be at risk for disfiguring tooth defects. Research suggests that high levels of fluoride in blood, which can cause the tooth defect known as dental fluorosis, can contribute to the defects that occur

  • NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects

    The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.

  • Fluoride & Rickets

    One of fluoride's most well-defined effects on bone tissue is it's ability to increase the osteoid (unmineralized bone) content of bone. When bones have too much osteoid, they become soft and prone to fracture -- a condition known as osteomalacia. When osteomalacia develops during childhood, it is called "rickets." The potential for fluoride