Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of 18% hydrochloric acid and 37% phosphoric acid by an in vivo comparison. METHODS: Sixty fluorotic permanent maxillary central incisors from 30 patients were divided into 3 categories. The teeth received 5 seconds (mild fluorosis), 20 seconds (moderate fluorosis) and 30 seconds (severe fluorosis) application of 18% hydrochloric acid on 11 and 37% phosphoric acid on 21. Standardized intraoral photographies were taken immediately before, after, and one month after treatment. Vinyl polysiloxane impression of the patient were made before and after the treatment. A scanning electron microscopic (SEM) evaluation was carried out on the models to judge the surface alterations. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used to verify the hypothesis. RESULTS: A statistically significant result was obtained in the reduction of white spot opacities, intensity of stains and the total area occupied by the stains in mild and moderate fluorosis teeth. Results of severe fluorosis had an unpredictable outcome. An SEM evaluation revealed good improvement in the surface texture of mild and moderate fluorosis teeth. Teeth with severe fluorosis showed only a slight improvement. CONCLUSION: A microabrasion procedure is effective for treating mild and moderate fluorosis cases.
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Enhancing white and pink esthetics using porcelain laminates in a fluorosis patient
Fluorosis can cause enamel degeneration to varying extent depending on the fluoride levels prevalent in that particular area. It can range from slight mottling of enamel to severe degeneration leading to demineralization and resultant discoloration. In the latter case, treatment options are limited to bonding of the outer surface of
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A minimally invasive procedure for esthetic achievement: enamel microabrasion of fluorosis stains.
Esthetic alterations (such as fluorosis) that result from intrinsic dental staining in enamel and dentin can be controlled or softened by noninvasive methods such as dental bleaching or enamel microabrasion. Part of the enamel is removed during microabrasion; however, this wear is clinically insignificant and does not harm the dental
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Impact of aesthetic restorative treatment on anterior teeth with fluorosis among residents of an endemic area in Brazil: intervention study
BACKGROUND: Endemic dental fluorosis has already been described in some regions of the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional and psychosocial impact of direct aesthetic restorative treatments in endemic fluorosis patients in the northern state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Was a quasi-experimental intervention study. METHODS: The
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A simple technique for removal of mottling, opacities and pigmentation from enamel
Mottling of teeth can have significant psychological impact on patients--particularly on adolescents, who may be subjected to much unkind teasing. A number of procedures have been suggested for removal of mottling and stains. The authors describe a simple and quick technique using a paste of hydrochloric acid and pumice, and
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Comparison of enamel microabrasion with a combined approach to the esthetic management of fluorosed teeth
OBJECTIVE: To compare in vivo the efficacy of enamel microabrasion alone or in combination with vital tooth bleaching for the management of tooth discoloration caused by fluorosis. METHODS: A total of 118 maxillary and mandibular fluorosed incisors and canines in 10 patients, scored from 1 to 7 according to the Tooth
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Severe Dental Fluorosis: Perception and Psychological Impact
[caption id="attachment_8879" align="aligncenter" width="550"] Severe fluorosis - Photograph by David Kennedy, DDS[/caption] In its severe forms, dental fluorosis causes highly disfiguring brown and black staining of the teeth, which can cause chronic embarrassment and social anxiety for the impacted child. In 1984, a panel from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) warned
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Diagnostic Criteria for Dental Fluorosis: The Thylstrup-Fejerskov (TF) Index
The traditional criteria (the "Dean Index") for diagnosing dental fluorosis was developed in the first half of the 20th century by H. Trendley Dean. While the Dean Index is still widely used in surveys of fluorosis -- including the CDC's national surveys of fluorosis in the United States -- dental
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Dental Fluorosis: The "Cosmetic" Factor
Any condition that can cause children to be embarrassed about their physical appearance can have significant consequences on their self-esteem and confidence. Researchers have repeatedly found that "physical appearance [is] the best predictor of self-esteem" in adolescents, (Harter 2000) and that facial attractiveness, particularly the appearance of one's teeth, is a
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Mechanisms by Which Fluoride Causes Dental Fluorosis Remain Unknown
When it comes to how fluoride impacts human health, no tissue in the body has been studied more than the teeth. Yet, despite over 50 years of research, the mechanism by which fluoride causes dental fluorosis (a hypo-mineralization of the enamel that results in significant staining of the teeth) is not
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Diagnostic Criteria for Dental Fluorosis: The TSIF ("Total Surface Index of Fluorosis")
The traditional criteria (the "Dean Index") for diagnosing dental fluorosis was developed in the first half of the 20th century by H. Trendley Dean. While the Dean Index is still widely used in surveys of fluorosis -- including the CDC's national surveys of fluorosis in the United States -- dental
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