Abstract
Five healthy subjects were each given fluoride 3.0 mg (F) as sodium fluoride tablets on two occasions – during production of acid urine, induced by giving NH4Cl, and during production of alkaline urine obtained by giving NaHCO3. Frequent plasma and urine samples were taken up to 12 h and were analyzed with a F- sensitive electrode. Control experiments without F administrations were also performed to permit calculation of net F concentration in plasma and urine. The urine F excretion was lower during acid than alkaline diuresis. Pharmacokinetic analysis of the net plasma F concentrations showed that the apparent plasma half-life of F was longer when urine was acid (4.3 +/- 0.6h: SD; n = 5) than when it was alkaline (2.4 +/- 0.4h). This could be explained by changes in the renal clearance of F, which was always lower with an acid (61.5 +/- 8.1 ml/min) than an alkaline (97.8 +/- 10.4 ml/min) urine. The apparent extra-renal clearance, which mainly represents clearance to the bone-pool, was also significantly higher during production of alkaline (109.2 +/- 20.2 ml/min) than of acid (86.3 +/- 21.3 ml/min) urine. It is suggested, that increased reabsorption of non-ionic hydrogen fluoride (HF) is responsible for the decreased renal clearance during acidic conditions.
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Plasma and developing enamel fluoride concentrations during chronic acid-base disturbances
Mild acid-base disturbances were induced in rats for 30 days. These disturbances did not affect % ash of maxillary incisors or % P of the developing enamel from mandibular incisors. Total fluoride intake (food and water) among groups drinking fluoride-free water was constant. Nevertheless, average plasma and developing enamel fluroide
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Intake and metabolism of fluoride
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the major factors that determine the body burden of inorganic fluoride. Fluoride intake 25 or more years ago was determined mainly by measurement of the concentration of the ion in the drinking water supply. This is not necessarily true today because of
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Fluoride metabolism
Knowledge of all aspects of fluoride metabolism is essential for comprehending the biological effects of this ion in humans as well as to drive the prevention (and treatment) of fluoride toxicity. Several aspects of fluoride metabolism - including gastric absorption, distribution and renal excretion - are pH-dependent because the coefficient
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Environmental and physiological factors affecting dental fluorosis
In addition to differences in fluoride intake and possibly to calcium deficiency or malnutrition, there are several factors which may account for individual differences in the occurrence of dental fluorosis. Disorders in acid-base balance affect the renal handling of fluoride such that, in acidosis, the excretion rate is diminished and,
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Sodium Fluoride F 18: Summary of Use during Lactation.
Drug Levels and Effects Information in this record refers to the use of sodium fluoride F 18 as a diagnostic agent. The manufacturer recommends withholding breastfeeding for 24 hours after a diagnostic dose of 300-450 MBq (8 to 12 mCi); however, this time might be longer than necessary given the minimal
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Mayo Clinic: Fluoridation & Bone Disease in Renal Patients
The available evidence suggests that some patients wtih long-term renal failure are being affected by drinking water with as little as 2 ppm fluoride. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers and if fluoride is indeed the cause. It would seem prudent, therefore, to monitor the fluoride intake of patients with renal failure living in high fluoride areas.
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Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus
This section on Diabetes includes: • Fluoride & Impaired Glucose Tolerance • Fluoride & Insulin • Fluoride Sensitivity Among Diabetics • Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus • NRC (2006): Fluoride’s Effect on Glucose Metabolism Excessive exposure to fluoride causes a defect of the tooth enamel known as dental fluorosis. In
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Annapolis: Water Fluoridation Linked to Death of Dialysis Patient
EVENING CAPITAL (Annapolis, Maryland) November 29, 1979 Fluoride Linked to Death by Mary Ann Kryzankowicz Staff Writer Fluoride poisoning has been definitely linked to the death of a 65-year-old kidney dialysis patient who became ill during a blood cleaning process Nov 11. State Medical Examiner Dr. (illegible) Guard has ruled that Lawrence Blake, 65, of Arundel
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Skeletal Fluorosis & Individual Variability
One of the common fallacies in the research on skeletal fluorosis is the notion that there is a uniform level of fluoride that is safe for everyone in the population. These "safety thresholds" have been expressed in terms of (a) bone fluoride content, (b) daily dose, (c) water fluoride level, (d) urinary fluoride level, and (e) blood fluoride level. The central fallacy with each of these alleged safety thresholds, however, is that they ignore the wide range of individual susceptibility in how people respond to toxic substances, including fluoride.
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Unheeded Warnings: Government Health Authorities Ignore Fluoride Risk for Kidney Patients
Despite the well known fact that individuals with kidney disease are at much higher risk of fluoride toxicity than the general population, there has yet to be any attempt in the United States, or any other country that practices mass-scale water fluoridation to determine the prevalence of fluoride-related effects (e.g.,
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