Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Investigating the influence of combined iodine and fluoride on phospholipid and fatty acid composition in brain cells of rats.
METHODS: Five groups of rats were provided with deionized drinking water containing 0 and 150 mg/L NaF, and containing both 150 mg/L NaF and 0.003, 0.03 or 3 mg/L KI respectively for 5 months. Then phospholipid and fatty acid composition were determined using liquid chromatography.
RESULTS: The phospholipid composition had no obvious change. The high concentration fluoride (150 mg/L) and high concentration Iodine (3 mg/L) with high concentration fluoride could cause significant changes of the fatty acid composition in brain cells of rats, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid (C18:2) was significantly decreased and the saturated fatty acid (C12:0) increased obviously. The antagonistic action of 0.03 mg/L KI drinking water on this kind of influence induced by 150 mg/L NaF was the most evident, whereas that of 3 mg/L KI was action of synergetic toxicity.
CONCLUSION: Fluorosis had obvious influence on phospholipid and fatty acid composition in brain cells of rats, and its mechanism might be associated with action of lipid peroxidation, and 0.03 mg/L KI is the optimal concentration for the antagonistic action with this influence from fluorosis.
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Apoptosis in brain cells of offspring rats exposed to high fluoride and low iodine.
To assess brain cell apoptosis induced by high fluoride and/or low iodine in their offspring, 32 one-month old Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into four equal groups, each with six females and two males. The first group of rats served as the untreated controls; the second group received high
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[Effects of high fluoride and low Iodine on learning-memory and TchE of brain in offspring rats].
Objective To study the effect of high level fluoride and low level iodine on learning-memory in offspring rats and possible mechanism. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups each of eight (female:male=(3:1).) The rats were treated with high fluoride (100 and 150 mg NaF/L), low iodine (0.0855 mg/kg),
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Comet assay of DNA damage in brain cells of adult rats exposed to high fluoride and low iodine.
Thirty-two one-month-old Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into four equal groups of eight (female:male = 3:1). To assess damage to DNA in their brain cells, the first group (1) of rats served as the untreated control, the second group (2) was administered high fluoride (HiF, 100 mg NaF/L in the drinking water), the third group
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Proteomic analysis of brain proteins of rats exposed to high fluoride and low iodine.
Epidemiological investigations reveal that high fluoride and low iodine have strong adverse effects on the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children. Studies also report that in some high fluoride areas, iodine deficiency also exists, especially in China. Here, with the proteomic techniques, we first report on the proteomic changes in brain
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Investigation on the role of Spirulina platensis in ameliorating behavioural changes, thyroid dysfunction and oxidative stress in offspring of pregnant rats exposed to fluoride.
Highlights Sodium fluoride exposure from pregnancy to lactation induces thyroid toxicity. This can affect neurodevelopment and induce behavioural changes. Spirulina platensis role in reversing fluoride-induced toxicity was ascertained. Significant protection was exerted by Spirulina The study investigated the role of Spirulina platensis in reversing sodium fluoride-induced thyroid, neurodevelopment and oxidative alterations
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The Relationship Between Fluoride Exposure & Goitre in South Africa
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Fluoride & Oxidative Stress
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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Fluoride Is Not an Essential Nutrient
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