Abstract
Renal function and fluoride excretion have been studied in 38 children. The children were divided into three groups according to their glomerular filtration rate: normal (92 to 136 mL/min/1.73 m2 of body surface area [BSA]), low (less than 92 mL/min/1.73 m2 BSA, and super-normal (greater than 136 mL/min/1.73 m2 BSA). Standard clearance technique with infusion of inulin and p-aminohippuric acid during water diuresis was used. Mean renal fluoride clearance was 45.0 +/- 9.8 (SD) mL/min in the group of children with normal glomerular filtration rates and 31.4 +/- 8.8 mL/min in the group with low glomerular filtration rates. This difference was statistically significant. There was a close linear relationship between renal fluoride clearance and glomerular filtration rate, urinary flow, and free water clearance. The fractional fluoride excretion did not differ between the groups. About 60% of the filtered fluoride was reabsorbed. No evidence for tubular secretion exceeding the reabsorption could be found. The results suggest that children have lower renal fluoride clearance rates than adults and indicate that a moderate impairment of the renal function could lead to increased retention of fluoride.
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Serum and urine fluoride concentration: relationships to age, sex and renal function in a non-fluoridated population
Serum and urine fluoride levels were determined in 250 healthy subjects (15-90 years, 122 men and 128 women) residing in Catalonia, Spain, and in 150 patients (20-81 years, 84 men and 66 women) with chronic renal failure undergoing regular dialysis treatment, living in the same geographical area, to determine normal
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Exposure to excessive fluoride during hemodialysis
Discussion These data indicate that a patient maintained by hemodialysis in a community using fluoridated water may be exposed to a fluoride concentration higher than that present in tap water if the deionizer is allowed to become exhausted while the patient is being dialyzed. The concentration reached 520 uM in the
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The relationship of creatinine clearance to serum fluoride concentration and urinary fluoride excretion in man
The effects of renal function on urinary fluoride clearance and serum inorganic fluoride concentration were studied. Laboratory determinations including (1) creatinine clearance rate (CCR), (2) serum inorganic fluoride concentration, and (3) urinary fluoride concentration, were made on 122 hospital patients. Subjects were then divided into impaired, questionable and normal creatinine
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The effect of hemodialysis upon serum levels of fluoride
Serum and dialysate ionic fluoride (F-) were determined in 29 patients under hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and phosphorus (P) were also examined before and after HD in 92 patients including the above 29 patients under the same treatment. Results reveal that serum F- levels
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Evaluation of kidney injury biomarkers in an adult Mexican population environmentally exposed to fluoride and low arsenic levels.
Highlights Fluoride exposure increased renal injury biomarkers (ALB, Cys-C, KIM-1 and OPN). Fluoride could be considered an environmental kidney toxicant. Exposure to low concentrations of arsenic does not increase kidney injury biomarkers. Co-exposure to low arsenic level does not enhanced renal fluoride toxicity. Fluoride (F) is a toxicant widely distributed
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
A fairly substantial body of research indicates that patients with chronic renal insufficiency are at an increased risk of chronic fluoride toxicity. Patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates have a decreased ability to excrete fluoride in the urine. These patients may develop skeletal fluorosis even at 1 ppm fluoride in the drinking water.
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Unheeded Warnings: Government Health Authorities Ignore Fluoride Risk for Kidney Patients
Despite the well known fact that individuals with kidney disease are at much higher risk of fluoride toxicity than the general population, there has yet to be any attempt in the United States, or any other country that practices mass-scale water fluoridation to determine the prevalence of fluoride-related effects (e.g.,
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Annapolis: Water Fluoridation Linked to Death of Dialysis Patient
EVENING CAPITAL (Annapolis, Maryland) November 29, 1979 Fluoride Linked to Death by Mary Ann Kryzankowicz Staff Writer Fluoride poisoning has been definitely linked to the death of a 65-year-old kidney dialysis patient who became ill during a blood cleaning process Nov 11. State Medical Examiner Dr. (illegible) Guard has ruled that Lawrence Blake, 65, of Arundel
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Exposure Pathways Linked to Skeletal Fluorosis
Excessive fluoride exposure from any source -- and from all sources combined -- can cause skeletal fluorosis. Some exposure pathways , however, have been specifically identified as placing individuals at risk of skeletal fluorosis. These exposure pathways include: Fluoridated Water for Kidney Patients Excessive Tea Consumption High-Fluoride Well Water Industrial Fluoride Exposure Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals (Voriconazole
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Fluoride & Osteomalacia
One of fluoride's most well-defined effects on bone tissue is it's ability to increase the osteoid content of bone. Osteoid is unmineralized bone tissue. When bones have too much of it, they become soft and prone to fracture -- a condition known as osteomalacia. As shown below, fluoride has repeatedly been
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