Abstract
Renal function and fluoride excretion have been studied in 38 children. The children were divided into three groups according to their glomerular filtration rate: normal (92 to 136 mL/min/1.73 m2 of body surface area [BSA]), low (less than 92 mL/min/1.73 m2 BSA, and super-normal (greater than 136 mL/min/1.73 m2 BSA). Standard clearance technique with infusion of inulin and p-aminohippuric acid during water diuresis was used. Mean renal fluoride clearance was 45.0 +/- 9.8 (SD) mL/min in the group of children with normal glomerular filtration rates and 31.4 +/- 8.8 mL/min in the group with low glomerular filtration rates. This difference was statistically significant. There was a close linear relationship between renal fluoride clearance and glomerular filtration rate, urinary flow, and free water clearance. The fractional fluoride excretion did not differ between the groups. About 60% of the filtered fluoride was reabsorbed. No evidence for tubular secretion exceeding the reabsorption could be found. The results suggest that children have lower renal fluoride clearance rates than adults and indicate that a moderate impairment of the renal function could lead to increased retention of fluoride.
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Serum and urine fluoride concentration: relationships to age, sex and renal function in a non-fluoridated population
Serum and urine fluoride levels were determined in 250 healthy subjects (15-90 years, 122 men and 128 women) residing in Catalonia, Spain, and in 150 patients (20-81 years, 84 men and 66 women) with chronic renal failure undergoing regular dialysis treatment, living in the same geographical area, to determine normal
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Bone fluoride concentrations after 16 years of drinking water fluoridation
The fluoride content of 147 pieces of vertebral cancellous bone, collected at autopsy from long-term residents in Basle, Switzerland, was determined. A statistical analysis of the results sustained the hypothesis of age-dependent fluoride accumulation in bone. No differences were found between sexes. 4 cases with severe chronic pyelonephritis had definitely
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Association between fluoride, magnesium, aluminum and bone quality in renal osteodystrophy
INTRODUCTION: Trace elements are known to influence bone metabolism; however, their effects may be exacerbated in renal failure because dialysis patients are unable to excrete excess elements properly. Our study correlated bone quality in dialysis patients with levels of bone fluoride, magnesium, and aluminum. A number of studies have linked
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The tissue distribution of fluoride in a fatal case of self-poisoning.
The purpose of this paper is to report a case of fluoride poisoning along with a discussion of poisoning characteristics, analytical procedures, and a review of previous reports of fatal intoxications with analytical data. A case of suicidal ingestion of 40 mL of a rust removal agent containing hydrofluoric acid
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Ionic plasma fluoride concentrations related to some diseases in patients from a fluoridated community
Little data is available concerning the relationship between variations in ionic plasma fluoride (IPF) concentrations and some diseases, and that which exists is inconclusive. The effect of renal insufficiency is known best, but the relationship between IPF levels and some oedematous diseases and diabetes has hardly been studied at all
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Fluoride & Osteomalacia
One of fluoride's most well-defined effects on bone tissue is it's ability to increase the osteoid content of bone. Osteoid is unmineralized bone tissue. When bones have too much of it, they become soft and prone to fracture -- a condition known as osteomalacia. As shown below, fluoride has repeatedly been
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Dental Fluorosis & Enamel Hypoplasia in Children with Kidney Disease
Children with kidney disease are known to have high levels of fluoride in their blood and to be at risk for disfiguring tooth defects. Research suggests that high levels of fluoride in blood, which can cause the tooth defect known as dental fluorosis, can contribute to the defects that occur
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Kidney Patients Are at Increased Risk of Fluoride Poisoning
It is well established that individuals with kidney disease are susceptible to suffering bone damage and other ill effects from low levels of fluoride exposure. Kidney patients are at elevated risk because when kidneys are damaged they are unable to efficiently excrete fluoride from the body. As a result, kidney patients
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Exposure Pathways Linked to Skeletal Fluorosis
Excessive fluoride exposure from any source -- and from all sources combined -- can cause skeletal fluorosis. Some exposure pathways , however, have been specifically identified as placing individuals at risk of skeletal fluorosis. These exposure pathways include: Fluoridated Water for Kidney Patients Excessive Tea Consumption High-Fluoride Well Water Industrial Fluoride Exposure Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals (Voriconazole
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
A fairly substantial body of research indicates that patients with chronic renal insufficiency are at an increased risk of chronic fluoride toxicity. Patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates have a decreased ability to excrete fluoride in the urine. These patients may develop skeletal fluorosis even at 1 ppm fluoride in the drinking water.
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