Abstract
The study investigated the neurotoxicity of drinking water fluorosis in rat hippocampus. Just weaning male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given 15, 30, 60 mg/L NaF solution and tap water for 9 months. The calcium ion concentration ([Ca(2+)]) in synaptosomes was measured by double wavelength fluorescence spectrophotometer and the expression level of nuclear transcription factor kappa-B p65 (NF-kB p65) in hippocampal CA3 region was measured by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that [Ca(2+)] significantly increased (F = 33.218, P < 0.01) in moderate fluoride group compared with the control group, and the expression level of NF-kB p65 in CA3 region presented an increasing trend as fluoride concentration increased. These results indicate that increase of synaptosomes [Ca(2+)] and NF-kB p65 expression level may be the molecular basis of central nervous system damage caused by chronic fluoride intoxication. NF-kB p65 in CA3 region is probably a target molecule for fluorosis.
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The analog of Ginkgo biloba extract 761 is a protective factor of cognitive impairment induced by chronic fluorosis.
Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 is widely used to treat patients with learning and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease in China. However, it is not yet clear whether the analog of EGb761 (EGb) has a protective effect on the learning and memory damage induced by chronic fluorosis. In
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ERK1/2-mediated disruption of BDNF–TrkB signaling causes synaptic impairment contributing to fluoride–induced developmental neurotoxicity
Highlights Rats were long–term chronic exposed to environmentally relevant doses of fluoride. Fluoride exposure results in synaptic alterations both in vivo and in vitro. Fluoride–induced cognitive failures correlates with synaptic deficits. BDNF–TrkB axis disruption contributes to fluoride–elicited impaired synaptogenesis. ERK1/2 plays a vital role in fluoride–induced BDNF–TrkB signaling disruption. Excessive
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Decreased learning ability and low hippocampus glutamate in offspring rats exposed to fluoride and lead.
Fluoride (F) and lead (Pb) are two common environmental pollutants which are linked to the lowered intelligence, especially for children. Glutamate, a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, plays an important role in the process of learning and memory. However, the impact of F and Pb alone or
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Effects of fluoride on DNA damage, S-phase cell-cycle arrest and the expression of NF-kappaB in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
The mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity of fluorosis still remain obscure. To investigate DNA damage, cell-cycle distribution and expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) induced by fluoride, the primary rat hippocampal neurons were incubated with various concentrations (20mg/l, 40 mg/l, and 80 mg/l) of sodium fluoride for 24 h in
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Effects of chronic fluorosis on CAMKIIA, C-FOS, BAX, and BCL-2 channel signalling in the hippocampus of rats
In this study, the neurotoxicity of fluoride (F) in the hippocampus of rats exposed to 15, 30, and 60 mg NaF/L in their drinking water for nine months was investigated. Compared with the control (<0.5 mg F/L), significant increases in the expression of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II alpha (CaMKII?) (F=5.228, p<0.05)
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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Fluoride & IQ: 68 Studies
As of February 2021, a total of 76 studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. Of these investigations, 68 studies have found that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans, while over 60 animal studies have found that fluoride exposure impairs the learning and/or
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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