Abstract

Multigenerational evaluation was made in rats on exposure to high fluoride (100 and 200 ppm) to assess neurotoxic potential of fluoride in discrete areas of the brain in terms of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzyme system. The rats were given fluoride through drinking water (100 and 200 ppm) and maintained subsequently for three generations. Fluoride treatment significantly increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes viz, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione level in first-generation rats and these alterations were more pronounced in the subsequent second and third-generation rats in both the doses tested. Decreased feed and water consumption, litter size and organ (brain) somatic index, marginal drop in body growth rate and mortality were observed in all three generations. Decreased antioxidant enzyme activity and increased malondialdehyde levels found in the present study might be related to oxidative damage that occurs variably in discrete regions of the brain. Results of this study can be taken as an index of neurotoxicity in rats exposed to water fluoridation over several generations.

Excerpt:

… Histological analysis of cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of control and fluoride-treated rats are depicted in Figs. 1,2, and 3. The histopathological changes in both doses of fluoride groups were more or less the same but differed only in their degree of severity. The cerebral cortex of control rats showed normal morphology with intact neuron and cytoplasm (Fig. 1). Fluoride treatment resulted in necrosis, which is depicted by hyperchromasia and disintegrated cytoplasm. Cytoplasm showed edema depicted by vacuoles and also eosinophilia (red neurons) visible at many instances. Fluoride-treated second and third-generation rats showed similar but more severe necrotic signs… Fluoride treatment resulted in a decrease in the number of granular cells, and Purkinje cells showed eosinophilic character (red neurons). There was a presence of gap/space between the Purkinje cells and the granular layer in the fluoride-treated rats, and this alteration was very prominent especially in third-generation rats treated with 200 ppm fluoride. Fig. 3 shows normal morphology of the hippocampus of the control rats. Presence of degenerating neurons was observed in the fluoride-treated rats. The severity of the alterations was most pronounced in the third-generation fluoride-treated rats…

Print PDF

• Related Studies :

  • Systematic impacts of fluoride exposure on the metabolomics of rats.

    Highlights The risk of chronic endemic fluorosis exists in many countries and regions. Comprehensive metabolomic analysis was used to study the effects of fluoride. Multivariate statistics were used to detect metabolite profile changes. Fluoride exposure caused amino acid, fatty acid, and energy metabolism disorders. Fluoride exposure caused oxidative stress,

  • Fisetin prevents fluoride- and dexamethasone-induced oxidative damage in osteoblast and hippocampal cells

    Fluoride intoxication and dexamethasone treatment produce deleterious effects in bone and brain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fluoride (F) and dexamethasone (Dex) co-exposure on oxidative stress and apoptosis in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 and hippocampal HT22 cell lines. Co-exposure to F and Dex resulted in a

  • Evaluation of Metformin and Dehydrozingerone against fluorosis induced neurodevelopmental toxicity in preclinical models.

    Background: Inorganic fluoride is widely used in dental practices to treat problems like dental caries and also to prevent bone related issues. It has been reported that exposure to excess amounts of fluoride either through drinking water or other sources impairs vital functions of the body and can

  • Attenuating effect of Vitamin E on the deficit of learning and memory of rats with chronic fluorosis: the mechanism may involve muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

    The protective role of vitamin E (Vit E) against neurotoxicity induced by fluorosis was investigated by using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed with 50 ppm fluoride in drinking water for 10 months. Spatial learning and memory of rats were measured by the Morris water maze test; the expressions of M1 and

  • The analog of Ginkgo biloba extract 761 is a protective factor of cognitive impairment induced by chronic fluorosis.

    Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 is widely used to treat patients with learning and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease in China. However, it is not yet clear whether the analog of EGb761 (EGb) has a protective effect on the learning and memory damage induced by chronic fluorosis. In

• Related FAN Content :

  • Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies

    The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.

  • Fluoride & Oxidative Stress

    A vast body of research demonstrates that fluoride exposure increases oxidative stress. Based on this research, it is believed that fluoride-induced oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying the various toxic effects associated with fluoride exposure. It is also well established that fluoride's toxic effects can be ameliorated by exposure

  • Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals

    An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out

  • Fluoride content in tea and its relationship with tea quality.

    J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jul 14;52(14):4472-6. Fluoride content in tea and its relationship with tea quality. Lu Y, Guo WF, Yang XQ. Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China. Abstract: The tea plant is known as a fluorine accumulator. Fluoride (F) content in fresh leaves collected

  • NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects

    The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.