Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between bone mineral loss and urinary fluoride (F) concentration in postmenopausal Japanese women. Lumbar spinal bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and 1 year later in 94 premenopausal and 100 postmenopausal women. None of the subjects had any bone-related disorders. There were significant correlations between urinary F concentration and time since menopause (r = 0.397; P < 0.05), and between annual BMD loss and urinary F concentration at baseline (r = -0.492; P < 0.01) in the postmenopausal women. However, there was no significant correlation between urinary F concentration and BMD either at baseline or 1 year later. Urinary F concentration tended to be higher in postmenopausal women with low blood estradiol (E(2)) concentration than in those with normal blood E(2) concentration. Our results suggested that urinary F concentration may be a useful marker to assess bone resorption in postmenopausal women.
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Fluoride in Drinking Water, Diet, and Urine in Relation to Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Incidence in Postmenopausal Women.
Background: Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that high fluoride increases bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal fragility, observational studies of low-dose chronic exposure through drinking water (<1.5mg/L, the maximum recommended by the World Health Organization) have been inconclusive. Objective: We assessed associations of fluoride in urine, and intake via
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OP V – 2 Prenatal fluoride exposure and neurobehavior among children 1–3 years of age in Mexico
Background/aim Recent studies report an inverse association between fluoride (F) exposure and IQ in children, but few included individual measures of exposure or assessed associations with prenatal exposure using a prospective study design. Methods This study utilised the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) birth cohort and archived pregnancy samples
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Low-to-moderate fluoride exposure in relation to overweight and obesity among school-age children in China.
Highlights A large-scale study on school-age children's health in a Chinese fluorosis area. Low-to-moderate fluoride and children's anthropometric measurements were assessed. Fluoride exposure is related to increased BMI z-score and prevalence of overweight. The significant associations were differed by gender and mainly observed in girls. Associations were stronger among children
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Interaction of fluoride exposure and CREB1 gene polymorphisms on thyroid function in school-age children.
Highlights Serum TT4 level is negatively associated with urinary fluoride concentration. Thyroid volume of children is positively related to urinary fluoride concentration. CREB1 polymorphisms could modify the levels of serum TT3 and TT4. Fluoride exposure and CREB1 SNPs interactions on thyroid volume are observed. Interactions among CREB1 SNPs loci
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Health risk assessment in children living in an urban area with hydrofluorosis: San Luis Potosí Mexico case study.
Background: Fluoride is an inorganic element, which can be found in high concentrations in groundwater. Its consumption and exposure have consequences on human health. The objective of this study was to evaluate fluoride exposure and develop a health risk assessment in children from an urban area with hydrofluorosis
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Fluoridation, Dialysis & Osteomalacia
In the 1960s and 1970s, doctors discovered that patients receiving kidney dialysis were accumulating very high levels of fluoride in their bones and blood, and that this exposure was associated with severe forms of osteomalacia, a bone-softening disease that leads to weak bones and often excruciating bone pain. Based on
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Skeletal Fluorosis & Individual Variability
One of the common fallacies in the research on skeletal fluorosis is the notion that there is a uniform level of fluoride that is safe for everyone in the population. These "safety thresholds" have been expressed in terms of (a) bone fluoride content, (b) daily dose, (c) water fluoride level, (d) urinary fluoride level, and (e) blood fluoride level. The central fallacy with each of these alleged safety thresholds, however, is that they ignore the wide range of individual susceptibility in how people respond to toxic substances, including fluoride.
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Fluoridation of drinking water and chronic kidney disease: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
A fairly substantial body of research indicates that patients with chronic renal insufficiency are at an increased risk of chronic fluoride toxicity. Patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates have a decreased ability to excrete fluoride in the urine. These patients may develop skeletal fluorosis even at 1 ppm fluoride in the drinking water.
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Unheeded Warnings: Government Health Authorities Ignore Fluoride Risk for Kidney Patients
Despite the well known fact that individuals with kidney disease are at much higher risk of fluoride toxicity than the general population, there has yet to be any attempt in the United States, or any other country that practices mass-scale water fluoridation to determine the prevalence of fluoride-related effects (e.g.,
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Mayo Clinic: Fluoridation & Bone Disease in Renal Patients
The available evidence suggests that some patients wtih long-term renal failure are being affected by drinking water with as little as 2 ppm fluoride. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers. The finding of adverse effects in patients drinking water with 2 ppm of fluoride suggests that a few similar cases may be found in patients imbibing 1 ppm, especially if large volumes are consumed, or in heavy tea drinkers and if fluoride is indeed the cause. It would seem prudent, therefore, to monitor the fluoride intake of patients with renal failure living in high fluoride areas.
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