Abstract
Fluorosis in China has been known to be induced by two main causes. One is water-dependent fluorosis caused by a long-time consumption of high-fluoride (F) containing water. The other is called “coal-burning type fluorosis”, caused by inhalation of air polluted by coal smoke and/or ingestion of food exposed to coal smoke. We conducted a study on a group of Tibetan residents who regularly consumed brick tea containing high F levels. Many of the adults and children were found to be afflicted by fluorosis. Our results led us to present a third type of fluorosis in China called “brick tea type fluorosis”.
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Skeletal fluorosis from brewed tea.
BACKGROUND: High fluoride ion (F(-)) levels are found in many surface and well waters. Drinking F(-)-contaminated water typically explains endemic skeletal fluorosis (SF). In some regions of Asia, however, poor quality "brick tea" also causes this disorder. The plant source of brick, black, green, orange pekoe, and oolong tea, Camellia
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FRZB1 rs2242070 polymorphisms is associated with brick tea type skeletal fluorosis in Kazakhs, but not in Tibetans, China.
Skeletal fluorosis is a metabolic bone and joint disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride in the bones. Compared with Kazakhs, Tibetans are more likely to develop moderate and severe brick tea type skeletal fluorosis, although they have similar fluoride exposure. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in frizzled-related protein (FRZB) have
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Skeletal fluorosis in relation to drinking water, nutritional status and living habits in rural areas of Maharashtra, India
The present study was carried out during May 2010 to December 2011 in three villages which were randomly selected from Warora tehsil of Chandrapur district which is one of the endemic district of Maharashtra. . . . All the presently available ground water samples were collected and the mean fluoride concentration
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Skeletal fluorosis and instant tea
Tea drinking remains popular in the United States and increasingly is suggested to promote health. We caution that skeletal fluorosis can result from consumption of excessive amounts of instant tea because of substantial fluoride levels in some commercial preparations. Case report A 52-year-old white woman consulted in 1998 for dense lumbar vertebras
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Dose-response relationship between skeletal fluorosis and fluoride in brick-tea
The dose-response relationship between fluoride in brick-tea and the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis (SF) in adults was studied to determine a safe upper limit for fluoride intake from brick-tea. In brick-tea drinking endemic fluorosis areas of the Tibetan pastoral areas of Sichuan province, cluster sampling was conducted of residents above age
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