Abstract
The effect of fluoride on differentiation and proliferation of rat and mouse embryo limb bud cell were studied with micromass cultures in vitro. Embryo limb bud cells of rat (13-day) and mouse (12-day) were subjected to culture for 5 days. The results showed that fluoride could inhibit differentiation of cells without affecting cells proliferation. The concentrations of 50% inhibition of cell differentiation (ID50) were 6.8 micrograms/ml(rat) and 7.3 micrograms/ml(mouse). The concentrations of 50% inhibitions of cell proliferation (IP50) were 44.1 micrograms/ml (rat) and 63.6 micrograms/ml (mouse). The IP/ID50 values 6.4(rat) and 8.7 (mouse) were both greater than 5. According to the assessment criteria of Flint and Cheng Wanrong, the fluoride may be an embryo limb bud cells specific inhibitor. It could have potent teratogenicity.
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Aberrant DNA methylation of Cyclind-CDK4-p21 is associated with chronic fluoride poisoning.
Endemic fluorosis is a serious problem in public health, affecting thousands of people. Abnormal proliferation and activation of osteoblasts in skeletal fluorosis lesions play a leading role and osteoblast proliferation is finely regulated by the cell cycle. There are a few reports on fluoride-induced DNA methylation. However, the role of
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Short-term effects of fluoride and strontium on bone formation and resorption in the mouse
The early effects of sodium fluoride (0.80 mg/kg/d) and strontium chloride (0.27%) given alone, or in combination in drinking water, on bone metabolism were examined in the mouse using dynamic histomorphometric methods. Four weeks of oral strontium supplementation increased the osteoid surface and reduced the number of acid phosphatase-stained osteoclasts.
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Effects of fluoride on the proliferation and activation of osteoblasts by regulating methylation of the DNA repair genes MGMT and MLH1.
Introduction Fluoride can induce the proliferation and activation of osteoblasts, resulting in skeletal fluorosis progression; however, the specific mechanism is unclear. Methods Cell proliferation was examined using the MTT assay. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the cell cycle distribution. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was calculated to evaluate bone formation and turnover. Gene methylation
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Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus
The influence of sodium fluoride (NaF) on calcium metabolism was examined in goldfish (fresh water teleost). At 2days after administration of NaF (500ng/g body weight; 5?g/g body weight) (around 10-5 to 10-4M in goldfish), we indicated that plasma calcium levels upregulated in both doses of NaF-treated goldfish. To examine the
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Efficacy and Safety of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Treatments: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Although a range of pharmacological interventions is available, it remains uncertain which treatment for osteoporosis is more effective. This network meta-analysis study aimed to compare different drug efficacy and safety in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Clinicaltrial.gov, Cochrane library, Google scholar were
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Fluoride & Osteocytes
The osteocyte is a type of bone cell which is increasingly believed to play an important role in repairing defects that arise in bone, thereby maintaining the bone’s structural integrity. Because osteocytes are engulfed in fluoride-rich bone mineral and help resorb the bone as part of the remodeling process, they
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Fluoride & Osteoclasts
It is well established that fluoride exposure can increase bone formation by increasing the proliferation of osteoblasts. Less clear is fluoride's impact on bone resorption and the cells (osteoclasts) that resorb bone. Many have assumed that fluoride's main effect on bone resorption and osteoclasts is an inhibitory one (i.e., less
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Fluoride's Effect on Osteoblasts (Bone-Forming Cells)
As noted by the National Research Council, "[p]erhaps the single clearest effect of fluoride on the skeleton is its stimulation of osteoblast proliferation." (NRC 2006). Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells. "Stimulatory effects of fluoride on osteoblasts result in formation of osteoid, which subsequently undergoes mineralization." (Fisher RL, et al. 1989). If the new
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