Abstract
A case-controlled study has compared urinary, blood plasma, and serum fluoride (F) levels of people living in endemic areas of the Thar Desert, Sindh, Pakistan, consuming groundwater with F concentrations as high as 4.00–10.00 mg/L with those consuming groundwater with low F levels of 0.30 mg/L. A total of 121 individuals from Samme Jo Tar Village of the Chachro Sub-District, Tharparker, and 121 controls from Gadap Town, Karachi, Pakistan, were selected for this study. Results indicated highly significant differences were present between the mean urinary F (12.90 versus 2.30 mg/L, p<0.001), plasma F (0.61 versus 0.25 mg/L, p<0.001) and serum F levels (0.75 versus 0.29 mg/L, p<0.001) of cases and controls. There was a strong positive correlation between plasma and serum F levels (r = 0.884), while moderate correlations were found between urine plus plasma and between urine plus serum (r = 0.576 and 0.621) F levels of cases, respectively.
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The association of fluoride in drinking water with serum calcium, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in pregnant women and newborn infants.
Background: Chronic exposure to fluoride in drinking water causes an increase in plasma fluoride levels that is related to a reduction in calcium transport across the renal tubule endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. In the present study, it was hypothesised that varying levels of fluoride present in drinking
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Possible Association Between Polymorphisms in ESR1, COL1A2, BGLAP, SPARC, VDR, and MMP2 Genes and Dental Fluorosis in a Population from an Endemic Region of West Bengal.
Dental fluorosis (DF) is the most prevalent form of fluorosis in India affecting millions of people all over the country. As estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), collagen type 1 alpha 2 (COL1A2), bone ?-carboxyglutamic acid protein (BGLAP), secreted protein acidic and cysteine-rich (SPARC), vitamin D receptor (VDR), and matrix metallopeptidase 2
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Fluoride exposure and kidney and liver function among adolescents in the United States: NHANES, 2013–2016.
Highlights Plasma fluoride concentrations are associated with kidney and liver parameters among United States (U.S.) adolescents Higher water fluoride concentrations are associated with lower blood urea nitrogen among U.S. adolescents Fluoride exposure may contribute to complex changes in kidney and liver related parameters among U.S. adolescents Altered kidney and/or liver
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Effect of fluoride on reactive oxygen species and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women.
A study was made of the effects of fluoride (F) on the antioxidant defense systems of postmenopausal women residing in a fluorotic and a nonfluorotic village in Chitoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Twenty-five postmenopausal women (approximately 10 years postmenopause, mean age 57 years) residing in endemic fluorotic Adharam and nonfluorotic
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Environmental Fluoride 1977 by Rose & Marier
The Associate Committee on Scientific Criteria for Environmental Quality was established by the National Research Council of Canada in response to a mandate provided by the Federal Government to develop scientific guidelines for defining the quality of the environment. The concern of the NRC Associate Committee is strictly with scientific
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Nutrient Deficiencies Enhance Fluoride Toxicity
It has been known since the 1930s that poor nutrition enhances the toxicity of fluoride. As discussed below, nutrient deficiencies have been specifically linked to increased susceptibility to fluoride-induced tooth damage (dental fluorosis), bone damage (osteomalacia), neurotoxicity (reduced intelligence), and mutagenicity. The nutrients of primary importance appear to be calcium,
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Dental Fluorosis & Enamel Hypoplasia in Children with Kidney Disease
Children with kidney disease are known to have high levels of fluoride in their blood and to be at risk for disfiguring tooth defects. Research suggests that high levels of fluoride in blood, which can cause the tooth defect known as dental fluorosis, can contribute to the defects that occur
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Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus
This section on Diabetes includes: • Fluoride & Impaired Glucose Tolerance • Fluoride & Insulin • Fluoride Sensitivity Among Diabetics • Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus • NRC (2006): Fluoride’s Effect on Glucose Metabolism Excessive exposure to fluoride causes a defect of the tooth enamel known as dental fluorosis. In
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Unheeded Warnings: Government Health Authorities Ignore Fluoride Risk for Kidney Patients
Despite the well known fact that individuals with kidney disease are at much higher risk of fluoride toxicity than the general population, there has yet to be any attempt in the United States, or any other country that practices mass-scale water fluoridation to determine the prevalence of fluoride-related effects (e.g.,
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Fluoride Exposure Aggravates the Impact of Iodine Deficiency
A consistent body of animal and human research shows that fluoride exposure worsens the impact of an iodine deficiency. Iodine is the basic building block of the T3 and T4 hormones and thus an adequate iodine intake is essential for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. When iodine intake is inadequate during infancy and
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