Abstract
Fluorine is reported to affect embryonic development, but the underlining mechanism is unclear. The modification of DNA methylation of the H19 and Peg3 genes is important in embryonic development. Therefore, the effect of fluorine on methylation of H19 and Peg3 during early mouse embryos was studied. It was shown that the H19 gene was significantly downmethylated in E2.5, E3.5, and E4.5 embryos from pregnant mice treated with 120 mg/l NaF in drinking water for 48 h. But methylation of both H19 and Peg3 genes was disrupted when the parent male mice were treated with NaF for 35 days. H19 DNA methylation decreased significantly, while Peg3 was almost completely methylated. However, when pregnant mice, mated with NaF-treated male mice, were again treated with NaF for 48 h, either H19 or Peg3 methylation in the embryos decreased significantly. In addition, the mRNA level of H19 considerably increased in E3.5 and E4.5 embryos from NaF-treated pregnant mice. Further, the expression of DNMT1 decreased significantly after NaF treatment. Conclusively, we demonstrated that fluorine may adversely affect early embryonic development by disrupting the methylation of H19 and Peg3 through downregulation of DNMT1.
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Fertility effects of sodium fluoride in male mice
Sexually mature male Swiss mice were exposed at 60 days of age to 100, 200 and 300 ppm sodium fluoride (NaF) in their drinking water for 4 weeks or 10 weeks. The effect of NaF exposure on fertility was assessed by breeding these males with untreated female mice after the
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Suppression of male reproduction in rats after exposure to sodium fluoride during early stages of development
Sodium fluoride (NaF), a widespread natural pollutant was given to sperm-positive female rats throughout gestation and lactation at a dose of 4.5 and 9.0 ppm via drinking water. The neonates were allowed to grow up to 90 days on tap water, and then sperm parameters, testicular steroidogenic marker enzyme activity
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Dental Cleaning, Community Water Fluoridation and Preterm Birth, Massachusetts: 2009-2016.
Objectives: Data on the potential effect of dental cleaning and community water fluoridation (CWF) on pregnancy outcomes are scarce. While numerous studies confirm the cost-effectiveness of fluoride in preventing dental caries, the benefit of CWF during pregnancy has not been well established. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from 2009 to
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The effects of atmospheric hydrogen fluoride upon Drosophila melanogaster. II. Fecundity, hatchability and fertility
Two strains of Drosophila melanogaster were treated with sub-lethal levels of gaseous hydrogen fluoride for six weeks. Egg samples were collected at various times for hatchability determinations. Adults reared from these samples were evaluated for fecundity and fertility. Treatment with HF caused a marked reduction in hatchability and fecundity in
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Ameliorative Effect of VE, IGF-I, and hCG on the Fluoride-Induced Testosterone Release Suppression in Mice Leydig Cells.
Excessive consumption of fluoride (F) through drinking, eating, and/or environmental contaminants induces chronic toxicity known as fluorosis. Our previous research has shown that fluorosis was associated with male reproductive disorders. The current study is designed to explain the protective effect of vitamin E (VE), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and human
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Fluoride's Effect on the Male Reproductive System -- In Vitro Studies
Carefully controlled in vitro studies have found that direct exposure of fluoride to the testes or semen inhibits testosterone production and damages sperm. While researchers have known since the 1930s that mega concentrations of fluoride can completely (but reversibly) immobilize sperm, it was not until the 1970s and 1980s that researchers found that relatively modest concentrations of fluoride could cause damage prior to complete immobilization.
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System -- The "Sprando/Collins" Anomaly
In contrast to the findings of over 60 animal studies from other research teams, a series of studies by FDA researchers Sprando & Collins reported virtually no evidence of reproductive toxicity among animals treated with very high levels of fluoride exposure. The reasons for this discrepancy remains unclear. Excerpts from Sprando/Collins' Studies: "This study
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System - Human Studies
Consistent with in vitro and animal research, studies of human populations have reported associations between fluoride exposure and damage to the male reproductive system. Most notably, a scientist at the Food & Drug Administration reported in 1994 that populations in the United States with more than 3 ppm fluoride in their water had lower "total fertility rates" than populations with lower fluoride levels.
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Fluoride's Effect on Male Reproductive System: Animal Studies
Over 60 studies on animals (including rats, mice, roosters, and rabbits) have found that fluoride adversely impacts the male reproductive system. These studies have repeatedly found the following effects: (1) decreases in testosterone levels; (2) reduced sperm motility; (3) altered sperm morphology; (4) reduced sperm quantity; (5) increased oxidative stress; (6) and reduced capacity to breed.
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