Abstract
Sprague Dawley albino rats were treated with 30, 45, and 75 mg NaF/kg body weight/day respectively for 20 days and 35 days to study neurotoxic effect of fluoride. The control rats were injected with double distilled water 1cc/kg body weight/day. The animals were sacrificed and the cerebrum was analysed for neurodegenerative anomalies. The adenomatous foci were formed in the cerebral cortex containing degenerating glial cells. The glial cells became vacuolated and showed hyperchromatization of nuclei in brain of rats treated with 30 mg NaF/kg body weight/day. The chain formation of the disintegrated glial cells, senile plaque and large globose shaped neurofibillary tangle inside the perikaryon in cerebral cortex were observed in rats treated with 45 mg NaF/kg body weight/day. An elongated highly chromatolytic region with large number of vacuolated cells was visible. In some neurons, neuroplasm become hyperchromatic, fragmentation and apoptosis of nuclei was prominent. Pleomorphic, irregular glial cells showed necrosis, the cerebral cortex exhibited diffused haemorrhages in rats of 75 mg NaF dose group. The results of present study revealed a fairly consistent pattern of adverse effects by fluoride on cerebral neuropathology, which may be a cause of neurological sequelae and abnormal neuro-behavioural patterns in fluorosis.
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Evaluation of Metformin and Dehydrozingerone against fluorosis induced neurodevelopmental toxicity in preclinical models.
Background: Inorganic fluoride is widely used in dental practices to treat problems like dental caries and also to prevent bone related issues. It has been reported that exposure to excess amounts of fluoride either through drinking water or other sources impairs vital functions of the body and can
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Subchronic Administration of High-Dose Sodium Fluoride Causes Deficits in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells But Not Motor Coordination of Rats.
Fluoride is frequently added to drinking water supplies, various food products, toothpaste, and mouth rinses to prevent tooth damage. However, at high concentrations, fluoride can cause fluorosis and damage to the brain tissue due to its excitotoxicity and oxidative stress effects. The damage of the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum
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Decreased learning and memory ability in rats with fluorosis: increased oxidative stress and reduced cholinesterase activity in the brain
The aim of this research was to study the mechanism of the decreased learning and memory of rats with chronic fluorosis. Compared with controls, decreased learning and memory ability, lower levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and increased content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissues were observed in both male
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Neurotoxicity of fluoride: neurodegeneration in hippocampus of female mice
Light microscopic study of hippocampal sub-regions demonstrated significant number of degenerated nerve cell bodies in the CA3, CA4 and dentate gyrus(Dg) areas of sodium fluoride administered adult female mice. Ultrastructural studies revealed neurodegenrative characteristics like involution of cell membranes, swelling of mitochondria, clumping of chromatin material etc, can be observed in cell
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SIRT1-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis supports therapeutic effects of resveratrol against neurodevelopment damage by fluoride.
Rationale: Potential adverse effects of fluoride on neurodevelopment has been extensively explored and mitochondria have been recognized as critical targets. Mitochondrial biogenesis serves a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and salubrious properties of resveratrol (RSV) has been well-defined. However, the molecular mechanisms governing mitochondrial biogenesis in developmental fluoride neurotoxicity
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
• As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies which reported an association of reduced IQ with exposure
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Fluoride's Effect on Fetal Brain
The human placenta does not prevent the passage of fluoride from a pregnant mother's bloodstream to the fetus. As a result, a fetus can be harmed by fluoride ingested pregnancy. Based on research from China, the fetal brain is one of the organs susceptible to fluoride poisoning. As highlighted by the excerpts
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