Abstract

Fluoride (F) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂ ) are the two common environmental contaminants that are associated with neurotoxicity. The present study was conducted to explore individual and combined exposure effects of F and SO₂ on histological alteration and DNA damage in rat brain. For this, male Wistar albino rats were exposed to sodium fluoride (100 mg/L NaF) and sulfur dioxide (39.3 mg/m³ ) individually and in combination for 8 weeks. Histological alteration in brain is evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining, showed shrunken neurons, darkly stained small nucleus and decreased cell numbers in F and SO₂ exposed groups. The effect of F and SO₂ on DNA damage was assessed by comet assay. The results showed an increase in ratio of tailing and tail length in F or/and SO₂ administered rats. In addition, the proportion of grade II and III were also increased in individual and combined exposed groups. Compared with the individual exposure, the proportion the grade III was significantly high in combined exposure, suggesting a synergistic effect of F and SO₂ . These results indicate that the brain was more susceptible to the toxic effects of F and SO₂ . And combined exposure to these pollutants can lead more pronounced toxic effects on brain.

• Related Studies :

  • Co-exposure to arsenic and fluoride on oxidative stress, glutathione linked enzymes, biogenic amines and DNA damage in mouse brain.

    We studied the effects of combined exposure to arsenic and fluoride on (i) brain biogenic amines, oxidative stress and its correlation with glutathione and linked enzymes; (ii) alterations in the structural integrity of DNA; and (iii) brain and blood arsenic and fluoride levels. Efficacy of alpha-tocopherol in reducing these changes

  • Combined effect of arsenic and fluoride at environmentally relevant concentrations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain: Alterations in stress marker and apoptotic gene expression.

    Highlights Arsenic and fluoride are the most common hazardous contaminant in the environment. Histological anomalies and alteration of oxidative stress parameters were evident. Stress responsive and apoptotic genes showed less pronounced effects upon co-exposure. DNA ladder was found in both individual treatment, not in combined. Elemental analysis and as3mt

  • [Influence of free radical inducer on the level of oxidative stress in brain of rats with fluorosis].

    OBJECTIVE:  To study changes in content of lipid peroxide and composition of fatty acids in the brain of rats affiliated with chronic fluorosis after treatment with free radical inducer (ferric ion). METHODS:  Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into three groups, fed with similar fodder and varied concentrations of fluoride in drinking

  • [Effects of selenium and zinc on the DNA damage caused by fluoride in pallium neural cells of rats].

    To investigate the effects of fluoride on DNA damage as well as the effects of selenium and zinc against fluoride respectively or jointly in pallium neural cells of rats, single cell gel electrophoresis was used to detect the DNA damage of neural cells prepared in vitro. The results showed that

  • A possible mechanism for combined arsenic and fluoride induced cellular and DNA damage in mice

    Arsenic and fluoride are major contaminants of drinking water. Mechanisms of toxicity following individual exposure to arsenic or fluoride are well known. However, it is not explicit how combined exposure to arsenic and fluoride leads to cellular and/or DNA damage. The present study was planned to assess (i) oxidative stress

• Related FAN Content :

  • NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects

    The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.

  • Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals

    An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out

  • Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies

    The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.

  • Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.

    Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching

  • Fluoride & IQ: 74 Studies

    As of January 2022, a total of 83 studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. Of these investigations, 74 studies have found that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans, while over 60 animal studies have found that fluoride exposure impairs the learning and/or