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  • The Evolving Science of Fluoride Exposure and Neurocognitive Effects: Does Timing of Exposure and Sex Matter? [Review 2]

    Background: Fluoride is associated with IQ deficits during early brain development, but the period in which children are most vulnerable has not been established. We assessed sex-specific effects of fluoride on IQ across prenatal, infancy, and early childhood windows. Methods: Repeated exposures from 596 mother-child pairs in the Maternal-Infant Research on

  • Investigation of intelligence quotient in 9-12-year-old children exposed to high- and low-drinking water fluoride in west Azerbaijan province, Iran

    In order to investigate the relationship between fluoride (F) in drinking water and children’s intelligence quotient (IQ), 39 9–12-year-old children in West Azerbaijan, were selected and their IQ measured using the Iranian version of the RB Cattell test. The study cases were 19 children living in a high-drinking water F

  • Cognitive enhancement effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on memory and learning impairments induced by fluoride neurotoxicity.

    The present work evaluated the neuroprotective functions of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on cognitive and behavioural functions in fluoride intoxicated rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 Groups (n=6 in each Group). Group 1 was Control that received water, Groups 2 to 5 were treated with 100

  • Effect of coal-burning endemic fluorosis on children's physical development and intellectual level

    Objective To investigate the effect of coal-burning endemic fluorosis on children's physical development and intellectual level so as to provide data support for the protection of children's healthy growth in fluorosis areas. Methods Ninety children with coal-burning endemic fluorosis were selected for the study, which were divided into heavy fluorosis area group, middle

  • Learning and memory obstacles and changes in brain tissue growth inhibitors from brick tea fluoride and aluminum poisoning of rats

    Objective: Explore the active mechanisms of growth inhibitors (somatostatin, SS) participating in learning and memory obstacles from brick tea fluoride and aluminum poisoning of rats. Method: Based on the tea-drinking habits of herders, a rat chronic brick tea fluoride and aluminum poisoning animal model was established, and randomly divided into

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