Abstract
The authors conducted a systematic review on published studies to date to investigate the effect of fluoride exposure on children’s intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. PSYCHINFO, Web of Science, MEDLINE, SCI, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) search engines were employed for all documents published up to 2012, in English and in Chinese. In total, 38 studies of fluoride exposure and children’s scores on IQ tests were included in this review. The weighted mean effect size (WMES) on children’s IQ scores between higher and lower regions of fluoride exposure was – .46 (CI 95% – .57 to – .35; p< .001) equivalent to 6.9 IQ points. Sensitivity analyses showed that after excluding studies that had other elements contaminations, the adverse effects of fluoride exposure on children’s intelligence remained to be significant. Further, six of the studies reported significant negative correlations between fluoride in the body and intelligence. The evidence suggests that fluoride in drinking water is a serious public health hazard.
*Original abstract online at http://www.mankindquarterly.org/archive/issue/53-3/2
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Association Between Maternal Fluoride Exposure During Pregnancy and IQ Scores in Offspring in Canada.
Key Points Question Is maternal fluoride exposure during pregnancy associated with childhood IQ in a Canadian cohort receiving optimally fluoridated water? Findings In this prospective birth cohort study, fluoride exposure during pregnancy was associated with lower IQ scores in children aged 3 to 4 years. Meaning Fluoride exposure during pregnancy may be associated
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Iodine Status Modifies the Association between Fluoride Exposure in Pregnancy and Preschool Boys’ Intelligence
In animal studies, the combination of in utero fluoride exposure and low iodine has greater negative effects on offspring learning and memory than either alone, but this has not been studied in children. We evaluated whether the maternal urinary iodine concentration (MUIC) modifies the association between maternal urinary fluoride (MUF)
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Effect of fluoride exposure on intelligence quotient (IQ) among 13-15 year old school children of known endemic area of fluorosis, Nalagonda District, Andhra Pradesh
Background: Waning controversy over fluoride and water fluoridation is rekindling with the findings released from certain fluoride studies which reported an inverse association between fluoride exposure and intelligence. Objective: To assess the relationship between exposure to different drinking water fluoride levels and children's Intelligence Quotient (IQ) among 13-15 year old school
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Low-moderate fluoride exposure and intelligence among Chinese school-aged children: Role of circulating mtDNA content.
Highlights First epidemiologic study links mtDNA content with fluoride-caused lower IQ scores. MtDNA content was positively correlated to odds of having excellent intelligence. MtDNA content mediated relations of fluoride to reduced odds of excellent intelligence in girls. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content alterations are potential mediators of neuronal disorders. However, what
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Analysis on TSH and intelligence level of children with dental fluorosis in a high fluoride area.
Fluoride is one of the indispensable elements for the living being. Excess amounts of fluoride, however, may damage the teeth and bones. Fluoride may also injure the body’s soft tissues, resulting in nonskeletal fluorosis. To further investigate the influence of endemic fluorosis on childhood thyroid function and intelligence, we have selected school-aged children inflicted with dental fluorosis
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