Abstract
Summary
Our results suggest that orally administered sodium fluoride enters liver and brain. The blood-brain barrier fails to exclude the fluoride ion from nerve tissue. That fluoride ions also readily pass the placental barrier has been repeatedly demonstrated (9). Fluoride-levels in brain reach a maximum approximately two hours after it has been administered, whereas accumulation in liver continues for at least three hours.
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Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA’s Standards.
Excerpts: Summary Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to establish exposure standards for contaminants in public drinking-water systems that might cause any adverse effects on human health. These standards include the maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG), the maximum contaminant level (MCL), and the secondary
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Gaseous Anesthetics.
Introduction The history of anesthesia is a relatively recent one; if one begins with the analgesia dentist, Horace Wells, who discovered the used nitrous oxide during a dental extraction in the early 1800s. The first public showing of anesthesia occurred in October 1846, when ether was used to prevent pain during surgery
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A fatality due to ingestion of hydrofluoric acid.
We report a fatal case of hydrofluoric acid (HF) ingestion with suicidal intent. Quantitation using an ion-selective electrode for fluoride in fresh bile, gastric contents, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, urine, and vitreous humor yielded 6.5, 39.0, 10.0, 6.0, 4.5, 5.0, and 4.5 ppm, respectively. In addition to the unfixed specimens,
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Fluoride sensitivity in freshwater snail, Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck, 1882): An integrative biomarker response assessment of behavioral indices, oxygen consumption, haemocyte and tissue protein levels under environmentally relevant exposure concentrations.
Highlights Responses in NaF-exposed freshwater snail, Bellamya bengalensis was estimated. Mortality increased with elevated fluoride concentrations and increasing exposure period. Altered behavior and lowered oxygen consumption were concentration-dependent. Decreased haemocyte count could impact respiratory capacity. Reduced protein content in hepatopancreas indicate impaired protein synthesis. There is limited information on fluoride
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Isolated and combined activity of low concentrations of hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide in a chronic experiment.
Exposure of rats to the combined effect of HF and SO2 decreased body weight, O2 consumption and myoglobin levels in muscles and increased the erythrocyte level in blood. Low and high concentrations of HF and SO2 decreased cytochrome oxidase activity in almost all organs and had a toxic effect on
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Fluoride & IQ: 76 Studies
• As of July 18, 2022, a total of 85 human studies have investigated the relationship between fluoride and human intelligence. • Of these investigations, 76 studies have reported that elevated fluoride exposure is associated with reduced IQ in humans. • The studies which reported an association of reduced IQ with exposure
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Fluoride: Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Developmental Neurotoxicity There has been a tremendous amount of research done on the association of exposure to fluoride with developmental neurotoxicity. There are over 60 studies reporting reduced IQ in children and several on the impaired learning/memory in animals. And there are studies which link fluoride to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Teaching
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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Fluoride Affects Learning & Memory in Animals
An association between elevated fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence has now been observed in 65 IQ studies. Although a link between fluoride and intelligence might initially seem surprising or random, it is actually consistent with a large body of animal research. This animal research includes the following 45 studies (out
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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