Abstract
Two studies were conducted to investigate the placental transfer of fluoride in the guinea pig. Adult female guinea pigs were provided various levels of fluoride ranging from 1 to 50 ppm during gestation and the amount of fluoride retained in the foetus at birth was determined. The results obtained indicate that a significant placental transfer of fluoride occurs in the guinea pig at all levels of fluoride provided during gestation.
The results also indicate that the previous exposure of the mothers to fluoride prior to gestation influences the amount of fluoride transferred to the foetal tissues with the second generation of offspring retaining more fluoride during foetal development than the first generation.
Collectively, these data suggest that the guinea pig may be an acceptable means of evaluating the placental transfer of fluoride in the human although one must exercise considerable caution in translating these findings to the human due to the large amount of species variation which has been shown in previous studies.
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Fluoride concentrations in the human placenta and maternal and cord blood
Fluoride concentrations in maternal and cord blood were measured for the first time with a method specific for inorganic fluoride. The concentrations averaged 0.88 ?M in blood from 16 mothers and 0.68 ?M in the cord blood, with a correlation of 0.86. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that
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The relationships between thyroid-stimulating hormone and/or dopamine levels in peripheral blood and IQ in children with different urinary iodine concentrations.
Highlights TSH is not related IQ in children with different urinary iodine concentrations. Dopamine in plasma is unrelated to IQ in children with adequate or excessive iodine. Dopamine has positive correlation with intelligence in iodine deficiency group. The interaction between dopamine in plasma and TSH is not related to
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Concentrations of ionic, total, and bound fluoride in plasma
We found no significant difference between the means for ionic, bound, and total fluoride concentrations in the plasma of male and female subjects of the same age, living in a community with fluoridated water. When results for the 264 fasting subjects were therefore combined according to age, they indicated that
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Urinary Fluoride Excretion after a Single Application of Fluoride Varnish in Preschool Children.
PURPOSE: To assess urinary fluoride excretion after topical application of a commercial fluoride varnish in preschool children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve healthy children, 2.5-6.0 years of age, were enrolled in a placebo-controlled cross-over trial. After a 5-day run-in period, the morning urine was collected as baseline. One hour after breakfast, 0.1
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Evaluation of a fluorosis prevention educational program: A randomized field trial.
Background: A 2-group randomized field trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of a fluorosis educational preventive program in mother´s knowledge and practices, and on the urine fluoride concentration of their preschool children. Material and Methods: A group of 139 mother-child pairs participated in the study. Randomly, children were assigned to an intervention
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Dental Fluorosis & Enamel Hypoplasia in Children with Kidney Disease
Children with kidney disease are known to have high levels of fluoride in their blood and to be at risk for disfiguring tooth defects. Research suggests that high levels of fluoride in blood, which can cause the tooth defect known as dental fluorosis, can contribute to the defects that occur
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Factors which increase the risk for skeletal fluorosis
The risk for developing skeletal fluorosis, and the course the disease will take, is not solely dependent on the dose of fluoride ingested. Indeed, people exposed to similar doses of fluoride may experience markedly different effects. While the wide range in individual response to fluoride is not yet fully understood, the following are some of the factors that are believed to play a role.
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Skeletal Fluorosis & Individual Variability
One of the common fallacies in the research on skeletal fluorosis is the notion that there is a uniform level of fluoride that is safe for everyone in the population. These "safety thresholds" have been expressed in terms of (a) bone fluoride content, (b) daily dose, (c) water fluoride level, (d) urinary fluoride level, and (e) blood fluoride level. The central fallacy with each of these alleged safety thresholds, however, is that they ignore the wide range of individual susceptibility in how people respond to toxic substances, including fluoride.
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Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus
This section on Diabetes includes: • Fluoride & Impaired Glucose Tolerance • Fluoride & Insulin • Fluoride Sensitivity Among Diabetics • Fluoridated Water Causes Severe Dental Fluorosis in Children with Diabetes Insipidus • NRC (2006): Fluoride’s Effect on Glucose Metabolism Excessive exposure to fluoride causes a defect of the tooth enamel known as dental fluorosis. In
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Unheeded Warnings: Government Health Authorities Ignore Fluoride Risk for Kidney Patients
Despite the well known fact that individuals with kidney disease are at much higher risk of fluoride toxicity than the general population, there has yet to be any attempt in the United States, or any other country that practices mass-scale water fluoridation to determine the prevalence of fluoride-related effects (e.g.,
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