Abstract

Highlights

  • This human study adds to understanding of the effects of exercise on fluoride (F) metabolism.
  • F pharmacokinetics following no, light, moderate and vigorous exercise were compared in adults.
  • Moderate exercise resulted in the highest maximum plasma F concentration (Cmax).
  • Area Under the Curve for plasma F concentration against time was also highest with moderate exercise.
  • Moderate exercise may increase the fraction of systemically absorbed F, producing a biological effect.

The literature is sparse in terms of the effect of exercise on the pharmacokinetics of fluoride (F) in humans. In a 4-treatment repeated measures cross-over study, we investigated F pharmacokinetics following no exercise (control) and three exercise intensity conditions (light, moderate and vigorous) in healthy adults. At a pre-experimental session, 8 participants (18-30y) residing in a non-fluoridated-area, underwent a VO2 max test to guide the three exercise intensities for the experimental sessions. Participants were on a F-free regime one week before and throughout the four experimental weeks. We measured urinary F excretion (UFE), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), lag time of Cmax (Tmax), and Area Under the Curve (AUC) for plasma F concentration against time, following F ingestion then no, light, moderate and vigorous exercise. Results showed no statistically significant difference in Tmax among all sessions; whereas Cmax for moderate exercise (226.2 ng/ml) was significantly higher than for no (27.0 ng/ml; p < 0.001), light (105.6 ng/ml; p = 0.016) and vigorous (94.2 ng/ml; p = 0.008) exercise. Mean AUC over 0–90 min following F ingestion was also significantly higher in moderate exercise than for no (p < 0.001), light (p = 0.004) and vigorous (p = 0.001) exercise. Mean UFE over 0–14h was 638.8, 718.7, 574.6 and 450.5  ?g for no, light, moderate and vigorous exercise, with no statistically significant differences among different sessions. In conclusion, this human experimental study suggests that moderate exercise may increase the fraction of F absorbed systemically which is therefore available to produce a biological effect. Future studies should be conducted with larger samples, different age groups and using different F doses.

Graphical abstracthttps://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0045653520319913-fx1_lrg.jpg


*Original abstract and text online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653520319913