Tag: Africa
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Association between fluoride exposure in drinking water and cognitive deficits in children: A pilot study.
2.3.1. Children’s drawing tasks A total of 68 (37 males and 31 females) from the 74 children were enrolled and asked to participate in three drawing tasks of common objects that children readily encounter or experience in the study area, though their reproduction varies in complexity: a house, a person, and a donkey. They were […]
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Global analysis and prediction of fluoride in groundwater.
Table 1. Top 20 countries in population potentially affected by fluoride concentrations in groundwater greater than 1.5mg/L. Open in a separate window Rank Country Population at risk (range) Rank Country Population at risk (range) (million) (million) 1 India 49 (26–89) 11 Malawi 4.0 (3.5–4.8) 2 China 22 (1–50) 12 Zambia 3.4 (1.4–3.6) 3 Dem. Rep. […]
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High levels of fluoride in groundwater from Northern parts of Indo-Gangetic plains reveals detrimental fluorosis health risks.
Highlights This study provides an overview of fluoride distribution and health risks in the fluoride endemic region of Northern Indo-Gangetic Plain. Groundwater fluorides concentration exceeded the safe drinking water limit in 98% of sampling locations. Health hazard index (HQFluoride) exceeded the unitary value in all the individual groups signifying that the study region is under […]
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Potential fluoride exposure from selected food crops grown in high fluoride soils in the Makueni County, south-eastern Kenya.
Makueni County, located in south-eastern Kenya, faces challenges such as limited potable water and restricted food supplies as the result of semi-aridity. High fluoride (F) concentrations have been reported in drinking water with resultant dental fluorosis affecting the local population. To determine the potential F exposure through the consumption of food crops grown in the […]
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Association of Dietary Calcium Intake with Dental, Skeletal and Non-Skeletal Fluorosis among Women in the Ethiopian Rift Valley.
1. Introduction Drinking water sources in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia contain fluoride (F) levels exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) limit of 1.5 mg/L [1,2]. As a consequence, many people living in the region are severely affected by fluorosis [2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. In serious cases, dental fluorosis is manifested as brown mottling of the enamel and […]
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Biomarkers of chronic fluoride exposure in groundwater in a highly exposed population.
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Fluoride contamination of groundwater resources in Ghana: Country-wide hazard modeling and estimated population at risk.
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Dental fluorosis among people and livestock living on Gihaya Island in Lake Kivu, Rwanda.
Abstract Background Dental fluorosis is caused by prolonged exposure to excessive fluoride during the period of permanent tooth formation and is characterized by tooth discoloration, pitting, and loss of shape. Communities living near Lake Kivu in Western Rwanda exhibit a high prevalence of dental fluorosis; however, data on prevalence and risk factors are scarce. Methods […]
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Neuro-medical manifestations of fluorosis in populations living in the Main Ethiopian Rift Valley.
Data availability All data sets on which the conclusions of the manuscript rely are available as spread sheets documents and available from the corresponding author on reasonable request from the journal editors. Abbreviations F? : Fluoride Mg/L: Milligram per liter WHO: World Health Organization References Abbas, M., Siddiqi, M. H., Khan, K., Zahra, K., & […]
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Chronic fluorosis: the disease and its anaesthetic implications..
Abstract Chronic fluorosis is a widespread disease-related to the ingestion of high levels of fluoride through water and food. Prolonged ingestion of fluoride adversely affects the teeth, bones and other organs and alters their anatomy and physiology. Fluoride excess is a risk factor in cardiovascular disease and other major diseases, including hypothyroidism, diabetes and obesity. […]