Tag: india
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Global analysis and prediction of fluoride in groundwater.
Table 1. Top 20 countries in population potentially affected by fluoride concentrations in groundwater greater than 1.5mg/L. Open in a separate window Rank Country Population at risk (range) Rank Country Population at risk (range) (million) (million) 1 India 49 (26–89) 11 Malawi 4.0 (3.5–4.8) 2 China 22 (1–50) 12 Zambia 3.4 (1.4–3.6) 3 Dem. Rep. […]
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High levels of fluoride in groundwater from Northern parts of Indo-Gangetic plains reveals detrimental fluorosis health risks.
Highlights This study provides an overview of fluoride distribution and health risks in the fluoride endemic region of Northern Indo-Gangetic Plain. Groundwater fluorides concentration exceeded the safe drinking water limit in 98% of sampling locations. Health hazard index (HQFluoride) exceeded the unitary value in all the individual groups signifying that the study region is under […]
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Fluorosis by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, National Health, India.
Introduction Fluorosis is a crippling disease resulted from deposition of fluorides in the hard and soft tissues of body. It is a public health problem caused by excess intake of fluoride through drinking water/food products/industrial pollutants over a long period. Ingestion of excess fluoride, most commonly in drinking-water affects the teeth and bones. It results […]
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Skeletal Fluorosis in India & its Relevance to the West
While the elevated consumption of water in warm climates such as India along with the increased incidence of malnutrition make direct comparisons of the Indian experience to the “West” difficult, it is striking to observe how narrow the margin is between the doses which cause advanced fluorosis in India and the doses that people are now regularly receiving in fluoridated communities.
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Skeletal Fluorosis in India & China
In India and China, scientists have repeatedly found that skeletal fluorosis occurs in populations drinking water with just 0.7 to 1.5 ppm fluoride. Although nutritional deficiencies and hot climates make populations in India and China more susceptible to fluoride toxicity than is generally the case in western countries, this fact does not remove the relevance of the Indian and Chinese experience to the situation in fluoridating countries. This is because (a) nutritional deficiencies also exist in the western world, particularly in low-income communities, and (b) some individuals, including those with kidney disease, can be just as — if not more — susceptible to fluoride toxicity.