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Return to Flonicamid
Adverse Effects
ACTIVITY:
Insecticide
(pyridinecarboxamide)
CAS Name:
N-(cyanomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide
Structure:
Adverse
Effects:
Ataxia
Blood
Brain
Body Weight Decrease
Bone
Cancer: Lung and Nasal
acrimal duct
Convulsions
Developmental/Reproductive
Endocrine: Adrenal
Endocrine: Ovary
Endocrine: Sex Ratios
Endocrine: Thymus
Endocrine: Vagina
Eye
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Muscle
Neurotoxicity
Spleen |
Environmental
Effects:
no data available |
Regulatory
Information
(only comprehensive for the US) |
| US
EPA Registered: |
Yes
US FIRST-TIME food tolerances as of August 2005. |
| US Tolerances: |
180.613 |
| US
EPA PC Code: |
128016 |
US
Maximum Residue Levels permitted
in food commodities
|
122
commodities. Too many to list (see below in Federal Register):
egg, cotton, fruit, meat, milk, vegetables |
UK
Temporary MRL's
|
Applicable
from: May 2005
Apples,
Pear: 0.3 ppm
Potato: 0.1 p pm
Wheat (winter): 2.0 ppm |
| Other
Information |
| Molecular
Formula: |
C9H6
F3 N3O |
| Entry
Year: |
2001 |
| Manufacturers: |
ISK,
FMC |
| Other
Names: |
F1785
GH 50 WG
IKI-220 |
| Of
special interest: |
| PAN
Data |
| Flonicamid:
Material Safety Data Sheets and Labels |
| 2005
- Summary
of toxicology data. California EPA, Department of Pesticide
Regulation, Medical Toxicology Branch. |
| May
10, 2005 - U.S. Congresswoman Corrine Brown (D-Fl) introduced
a bill "To suspend temporarily the duty on Flonicamid"
up to December 31, 2009. The bill was referred to the House
Committee on Ways and Means. |
| March
18, 2005 - Press release
from FMC announcing "that Aria insecticide is available
for use on ornamentals grown indoors in greenhouses and interiorscapes
... The registration of Aria is the first
in the world for its active ingredient, flonicamid, and
represents the first product registration as a result of an
agreement between FMC and Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd. (ISK)
... Aria is available in all states in
the Continental United States, except for California, where
registration is expected within nine months..." |
June
9, 2004 - NY
State DEC Letter to ISK Biosciences and FMC Corp. Registration
of Technical flonicamid and F1785 GH 50 WG Insecticide (EPA
Reg. No. 279-3264) containing the active ingredient flonacimid.
...
Please note that a proposal by ISK/ FMC, or any other registrant,
to register a product that contains flonicamid for outdoor
use, use on food crops, or any other labeled uses that are
likely to increase the potential for significant impact
to humans, nontarget organisms, or the environment, would
constitute a major change in labeled (MCL) use pattern...
|
| 2003
-
US EPA 2003 work plan
for registration of 19 conventional pesticides;
6 of the 19 are fluorinated. They are Butafenacil,
Flonicamid,
Flufenpyr-ethyl, Noviflumuron, Quinoxyfen, Trifloxysulfuron |
April
9, 2002 - Reduced
Risk Status for New Insecticide Flonicamid. -
EPA's Office of Pestide Programs
(OPP) Reduced Risk Committee granted OP alternative status ISK
Biosciences and FMC's insecticide, flonicamid (F 1785 GH), for
use on ornamentals grown in indoor greenhouses. Flonicamid is
an alternative to the OP's chlorpyrifos, acephate, dimethoate,
and oxydementon methyl; the carbamate, enoxycarb; and the pyrethroids,
bifenthin, and fluvalinate, for use on indoor greenhouse ornamentals
to control sucking insects (e.g. aphids, trips, and whiteflies).
|
| October
2001 -
FMC acquires American
rights to Ishihara's flonicamid insecticide. FMC
has entered into an exclusive agreement to develop, market and
distribute Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha's (ISK) new insecticide, flonicamid
(IKI-220), in the Americas, the UK, Spain and Portugal. However,
in Latin America, ISK will retain the rights for Argentina,
Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay because it already has an established
distribution network. The partnership gives ISK access to these
key insecticide markets through FMC and adds a complementary
insecticide to the FMC Agricultural Products group portfolio....Agrochemical
Service PhytoPhile from Wood Mackenzie, a division of Deutsche
Bank AG |
Metabolites
of Flonicamid
-- TFNA,
(4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid),
-- TFNA-AM,
(4- trifluoromethylnicotinamide)
-- TFNG, (N-(4- trifluoromethylnicotinoyl)-glycine)
Ref: US EPA, Fed. Reg. May
23, 2003
|
US
Federal Register
••
Note: Due to length, the following is a partial list. Click
here to see full list of FR entries.
|
| Date
published |
Docket
Control No. |
Brief
review |
| June 27, 2007 |
EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0338 |
IR-4. Pesticide
Petition. PP 6E7081. Proposal to establish a tolerance
for combined residues of the insecticide flonicamid and its
metabolites TFNA [4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid], TFNA-AM
[4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide], TFNG [N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl)glycine]
in or on food commodities:
Brassica, leafy greens (subgroup
5B)
This subgroup includes 8 commodities.
broccoli raab • cabbage, chinese bok choy •
collards • kale • mizuna • mustard
greens • mustard spinach • rape greens
|
16.0 ppm |
| hop |
7.0 ppm |
| okra |
0.4 ppm |
| radish, tops |
16.0 ppm |
| turnip greens |
16.0 ppm |
vegetables, tuberous and corm, (subgroup
1C)
This subgroup includes
22 commodities.
arracacha • arrowroot • artichoke, chinese
• artichoke, jerusalem • canna, edible
• cassava • chayote root • chufa
• dasheen • ginger • leren •
potato • potato culls • potato granules
flakes • potato peel, wet • potato processed
potato waste • potato, specialty • sweet
potato • tanier • turmeric • yam
bean • yam, true
|
0.2 ppm |
Vegetables, root, except sugarbeet,
(subgroup 1B)
This subgroup includes
19 commodities.
beet, garden • burdock, edible • carrot
• carrot culls • celeriac • chervil,
turnip rooted • chicory root • ginseng
• horseradish • parsley, turnip rooted
• parsnip • radish • radish, oriental
• rutabaga • salsify • salsify,
black • salsify, spanish • skirret •
turnip
|
0.45 ppm |
Analytical methodology has been developed
to determine the residues of flonicamid and its three major
metabolites (TFNA, TFNG, and TFNA-AM) in various crops. The
residue analytical method for the majority of crops includes
an initial extraction with acetonitrile/deionized water (ACN/DI),
followed by a liquid/liquid partition with ethyl acetate.
The residue method for wheat straw is similar, except that
a C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) is added prior to the liquid/liquid
partition. The final sample solution is quantitated using
LC equipped with a reverse phase column and a triple quadruple
mass spectrometer (MS/MS).
|
| March
29, 2006 |
EPA-HQ-OPP-2004-0132 |
ISK
Biosciences.
Pesticide Tolerance.
FINAL RULE.
This regulation establishes a tolerance for combined residues
of flonicamid and
its metabolites
TFNA [4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid],
TFNA-AM [4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide]
TFNG [N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl)glycine]
in or on
| Commodity |
Parts
per million |
Brassica,
head and stem, subgroup 5A
This
subgroup includes 10 commodities.
broccoli
• broccoli, cavalo • broccoli, chinese
• brussels sprout • cabbage • cabbage,
chinese mustard • cabbage, chinese napa •
cauliflower • cavalo broccolo • kohlrabi
|
1.5 |
| Mustard
greens |
11 |
This Rule
refers to the Final Rule of August 31, 2005 (see below) for
• toxicological endpoints for
flonicamid used for human risk assessment
• dietary exposure from drinking water
• the nature of the toxic effects caused by flonicamid
and its metabolites as well as the no observed adverse effect
level (NOAEL), and
• the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) from
the toxicity studies.
In
that document, first-time tolerances
were approved for food and EPA stated
•
Suggestive evidence of carcinogenic potential
(Lung and Nasolacrimal
duct) |
| August
31, 2005 |
OPP-2005-0217 |
ISK
Biosciences.
Pesticide tolerances.
FINAL RULE.
• First-time tolerances for food
• Cancer.
Suggestive
evidence of carcinogenic potential
(Lung and Nasolacrimal
duct)
• The FQPA Safety
Factor is reduced to 1X
• EPA
received one comment from the National
Cotton Council, which stated that it supports ISK Bioscience's
request for the establishment of tolerances in the listed
food and feed items.
Section
180.613 is added to read as follows:
Sec. 180.613 Flonicamid; tolerances for residues.
(a) General. (1) Tolerances are established for the combined
residues of flonicamid [N-(cyanomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide]
and its metabolites
TFNA [4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid],
TFNA-AM [4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide]
TFNG [N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl)glycine]
in or on the following raw agricultural commodities: |
|
Commodity |
Parts
per million |
| Cotton,
gin byproducts |
6.0 |
| Cotton,
hulls |
2.0 |
| Cotton,
meal |
1.0 |
| Cotton,
undelinted seed |
0.50 |
Fruit,
pome, group 11
This
group includes 10 commodities.
apple • apple, dried pomace • apple, juice
• apple, wet pomace • crabapple •
fruit, pome • loquat • mayhaw •
pear • pear, oriental • quince
|
0.20 |
Fruit,
stone, group 12
This
group includes 14 commodities.
apricot • cherry, sweet • cherry, tart
• fruit, stone • fruit, stone, except
plum, prune, dried • nectarine • peach
• plum • plum, chickasaw • plum,
damson • plum, japanese • plum, prune
• plum, prune, dried • plum, prune, fresh
|
0.60 |
| Potato |
0.20 |
| Potato,
granular/flakes |
0.40 |
| Spinach
|
9.0 |
| Tomato,
paste |
2.0 |
| Tomato,
puree |
0.50 |
Vegetable,
cucurbit, group
This
group (group 9) includes
19 commodities.
balsam apple • balsam pear • cantaloupe
• chayote, fruit • cucumber • cucumber,
chinese • cucurbits • gherkin, west indian
• gourd, edible • melon • melon,
citron • muskmelon • pumpkin • squash
• squash, summer • squash, winter •
vegetable, cucurbit, group • watermelon •
waxgourd, chinese
|
0.40 |
Vegetable,
fruiting, group
This
group (group 8) includes
17 commodities.
chili, postharvest • eggplant • groundcherry
• pepino • pepper • pepper, bell
• pepper, nonbell • pepper, nonbell, sweet
• tomatillo • tomato • tomato, concentrated
products • tomato, dried pomace • tomato,
paste • tomato, puree • tomato, wet pomace
• vegetable, fruiting • vegetable, fruiting,
group
|
0.40 |
Vegetable,
leafy except Brassica group 4,
except spinach
This
group includes 37 commodities.
amaranth, leafy • arugula • cardoon •
celery • celery, chinese • celtuce •
chervil • chervil, fresh leaves • chrysanthemum,
edible leaved • chrysanthemum, garland •
corn salad • cress, garden • cress, upland
• dandelion, leaves • dock • endive
• fennel, florence • fennel, florence,
fresh leaves and stalk • kale, sea • lettuce,
head • lettuce, leaf • orach • orach,
leaves • parsley • parsley, leaves •
purslane, garden • purslane, winter •
radicchio • rhubarb • spinach •
spinach, chinese • spinach, new zealand •
spinach, vine • swiss chard • tampala
• vegetable, leafy • vegetable, leafy,
except brassica, group
|
4.0 |
(2)
Tolerances are established for combined
residues of flonicamid
[N-(cyanomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxamide],
and its metabolites
TFNA [4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid],
TFNA-AM [4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide]
in or on the following raw agricultural commodities: |
|
Commodity |
Parts
per million |
| Cattle,
fat |
0.02 |
| Cattle,
meat |
0.05 |
| Cattle,
meat byproducts |
0.08 |
| Egg |
0.03 |
| Goat,
fat |
0.02 |
| Goat,
meat |
0.05 |
| Goat,
meat byproducts |
0.08 |
| Horse,
fat |
0.02 |
| Horse,
meat |
0.05 |
| Horse,
meat byproducts |
0.08 |
| Milk |
0.02 |
| Poultry,
fat |
0.02 |
| Poultry,
meat byproducts |
0.02 |
| Sheep,
fat |
0.02 |
| Sheep,
meat |
0.05 |
| Sheep,
meat by products |
0.08 |
|
| ••
Note: Due to length, the above is a partial list. Click
here to see full list of FR entries. |
|
