Abstract
Due to many advantages Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has become a preferred model of choice in many fields, including neurodevelopmental toxicity studies. This review discusses the benefits of using C. elegans as an alternative to mammalian systems and gives examples of the uses of the nematode in evaluating the effects of major known neurodevelopmental toxins, including manganese, mercury, lead, fluoride, arsenic and organophosphorus pesticides. Reviewed data indicates numerous similarities with mammals in response to these toxins. Thus, C. elegans studies have the potential to predict possible effects of developmental neurotoxicants in higher animals, and may be used to identify new molecular pathways behind neurodevelopmental disruptions, as well as new toxicants.
*Free full-text study online at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6520156/
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A possible mechanism for combined arsenic and fluoride induced cellular and DNA damage in mice
Arsenic and fluoride are major contaminants of drinking water. Mechanisms of toxicity following individual exposure to arsenic or fluoride are well known. However, it is not explicit how combined exposure to arsenic and fluoride leads to cellular and/or DNA damage. The present study was planned to assess (i) oxidative stress
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Mitigation by black tea extract of sodium fluoride induced histopathological changes in brain of mice
Sixty young adult inbred Swiss strain male albino mice (Mus musculus) were randomly divided into six equal groups. Groups I and II served as control and antidote groups, respectively. Groups III and IV were orally administered 0.2 and 0.4 mg sodium fluoride (NaF) in 0.2 mL of deionized water/animal/day (= 6 mg and
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Chronic fluoride exposure alters antioxidant enzymes in rat brain and intestine
Background: Low Fluoride use has been advocated as a therapeutic agent for delaying tooth decay however, high fluoride exposure has been associated with behavioral changes, low IQ, and altered brain functions and development. Although Fluoride generally does not generate free radicals but is still implicated in free radical associated damage
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Role of fish oil against physiological disturbances in rats brain induced by sodium fluoride and/or gamma rays
The impacts of environmental and occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and to long-term intake of high levels of fluoride have caused health problems and increasingly alarming in recent years. Fish oil omega-3 (polyunsaturated fatty acids essential fatty acids) is found in the highest concentrations in fish oil, claim a plethora
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Fluoride enhances the effect of aluminium chloride on interconnections between aggregates of hippocampal neurons
The role of fluoride in aluminium neurotoxicity was studied using an in vitro system of cultured hippocampal neurons from foetal rats. Sodium fluoride (50 microM) and aluminium chloride (12.5 microM) were administered alone or in a specific combination (50 + 12.5 microM) in a 14-day culture in a chemically defined
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