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All volatile anesthetic agents are fluorocarbons and variably potent greenhouse gases (GHG).1 As a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), isoflurane also has ozone depleting potential (as does nitrous oxide [N2O]), while sevoflurane and desflurane, being hydrofluorocarbons (HFC), do not.1 The global emission of HFCs increased 128% from 1990 to 2005 and is projected by 2030 to increase a further 336% compared with 2005 emissions.2 The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty agreed upon in 1987 with t
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Patel PP, Patel PA, Zulf MM, Yagnik B, Kajale N, Mandlik R, Khadilkar V, Chiplonkar SA, Phanse S, Patwardhan V, Joshi P, Patel A, Khadilkar AV (2017) Association of dental and skeletal fluorosis with calcium intake and serum vitamin D concentra
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The purpose of this report is the review of the present knowledge of the metabolism of fluorides, particularly in the human body, and the use of this knowledge in estimating the factors of safety in water fluoridation. In this discussion, many of the biological effects of fluorides (purported or well-established) will receive no mention. On the other hand, there are a few important biological effects of fluorides so well studied that there is an established relation between the effect a
