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Environmental exposures and pediatric kidney function and disease: A systematic review.

Two studies investigated the association of fluoride exposure, including 1 cross-sectional and 1 case-control. In a cross-sectional study of fluoride exposure in 210 children in China, the investigators found increases of urine NAG and urine ?-GT levels (Liu et al., 2005). In case-control study of fluoride levels in 210 children in China, slightly higher urine NAG levels were found in participants with higher serum fluoride levels (Xiong et al., 2007). While both studies were from China, the f

WITHDRAWN: Community-based population-level interventions for promoting child oral health.

Discussion Summary of main results This review includes 38 studies of community-based population-level interventions for promoting child oral health, with a total of 119,789 children. Interventions were generally implemented for less than one year (n = 26), and about half (n = 11) of studies were randomised controlled trials. Investigators tested a variety of oral health promotion strategies: dietary interventions (n = 3), oral health education alone (n = 17), oral health education in comb