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Variations in the Sporulation Efficiency of Pathogenic Freshwater Oomycetes in Relation to the Physico-Chemical Properties of Natural Waters.

Furthermore, the PLS-R modelling results suggest that increased fluoride and ammonium concentration could also act as a sporulation trigger, at least for S. parasitica. The range of fluoride concentrations in freshwater is between 0.01 and 0.3 mg/L [57], which is in accordance with the average fluoride concentration of 0.1 mg/L in our dataset. The induction of sporulation by environmentally relevant fluoride concentrations could be explained as a response to unfavorable environmental condition

ESPEN micronutrient guideline

6. Fluoride 6.1. Main functions Fluoride is the world's 13th most abundant element [151], being widely distributed in the environment, occurring in soils, rocks, and water: it is therefore naturally present in the food and drink we but its status as “essential” is debated. It is well absorbed by the small intestine. and gets attached to bone and teeth, transforming apatite into fluoroapatite. Nearly 99% of the body's fluoride is bound strongly to calcified tissues. Fluoride in bone appe

Mothers’ Sources of Child Fluoride Information and Misinformation From Social Connections.

Key Points Question  From which social relationships do mothers obtain child fluoride information and misinformation? Findings  In this qualitative study of 126 mothers of children aged 3 to 5 years, fluoride information and misinformation relating to children were obtained from family members, health care clinicians, and community members. The receipt of inconsistent child fluoride information from multiple sources resulted in confusion and difficulty assessing the accuracy of the fluorid

Skeletal Fluorosis: A Case of Inhalant Abuse Leading to a Diagnosis of Colon Cancer.

Abstract Skeletal fluorosis is a long-term bone disease that develops when prolonged fluoride toxicity leads to osteosclerosis and bone deformities that result in crippling pain and debility. The disease is endemic to many countries due to environmental or industrial exposures. However, rare cases in the United States have been reported from various causes including heavy toothpaste ingestion, excessive tea consumption, voriconazole us

Initial nonresponse and survey response mode biases in survey research.

Funders who supported this work. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (1) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NIH National Center for Research Resources (1) Articles referenced by this article (10) The prevalence of dental fear and avoidance: expanded adult and recent adolescent surveys. Gatchel RJ. J Am Dent Assoc, (5):591-593 1989. MED: 2785546 Evaluation of bias and logistics in a survey of adults at increased risk for oral health de