An Editorial by David C. Bellinger, PhD, MSc
Environmental epidemiology is a field replete with controversies, but the intensity of the debate inspired by the fluoridation of municipal water supplies to reduce dental caries is
perhaps unrivaled. Governments, as well as individuals, differ in their assessments of water fluoridation as public policy. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention consider water fluoridation to be one of the top 10 public health achievements in the 20th centur
Fluoridated water is piped to more than one-third of the Canadians1 and nearly three-quarters of the Americans2 who use public water systems. Although fluoride helps prevent dental cavities, some studies have suggested that higher prenatal exposures may affect neurodevelopment.3,4 Those findings make it important to understand exposure levels in general populations. Research published in Environmental Health Perspectives now sheds light on fluoride levels in pregnant women in Canada.5
As part
Fluorine is an indispensable tool in the medicinal chemists’ toolbox. Due to its small size and strong electron-withdrawing property, fluorine is widely used in medicinal chemistry to improve a molecule’s potency and permeability, modulate its pKa and lipophilicity, and control its conformation. Of the 38 small molecule drugs that were approved by the FDA in 2018, 18 contain fluorine. As the C–F bond-dissociation energy (BDE) is very high (typically 109 kcal/mol or above), fluorine is ofte
Excerpts:
... Given the certainty with which water fluoridation has been promoted and opposed, and the large number (around 3200) of research papers identified,9 the reviewers were surprised by the poor quality of the evidence and the uncertainty surrounding the beneficial and adverse effects of fluoridation.
… Water fluoridation aims to reduce social inequalities in dental health,10 but few relevant studies exist. The quality of research was even lower than that assessing overall effects
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