Abstract
Ignoring evidence on causes of disease such as smoking can harm public health. This report explores how public health experts started to ignore evidence that pediatric vitamin D deficiencies are associated with dental caries. Historical analyses show that an organization of clinical specialists, the American Dental Association (ADA), initiated this view. The ADA was a world-leading organization and its governing bodies worked through political channels to make fluoride a gl
This cohort study examines the incidence of dental caries in children and adolescents of varying income levels living in areas with vs without water fluoridation.
By age 11 years, an American child living in poverty has twice the level of dental caries (tooth decay) as one living at 3 times the poverty threshold.1 To achieve the Healthy People 2020 overarching goal of health equity, interventions must preferentially prevent disease at the lower end of the income distri
Abstract
Objective
To explore health literacy as a marker of voter confusion in order to understand the basis for public opposition to community water fluoridation.
Design
A cross-sectional study.
Setting
Conducted in three large US cities of San Antonio, Texas (602 voting precincts); Wichita, Kansas (171 voting precincts); and Portland, Oregon (132 voting precincts). Precinct-level voting data were compiled from community water fluoridation referendums conducted
Abstract
Fluoridation of America’s drinking water was among the great public health achievements of the 20th century. Yet there is a paucity of studies from the past 3 decades investigating its dental health benefits in the U.S. population. This cross-sectional study sought to evaluate associations between availability of community water fluoridation (CWF) and dental caries experience in the U.S. child and adolescent population. County-level estimates of the percentage of populati
Highlights
NaF induced autophagosome-lysosome fusion blockage.
NaF weakened the interaction of ATG14 and SNARE complex.
ATG14 regulates the SNARE complex in NaF-induced developmental neurotoxicity.
ATG14 upregulation restored autophagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagic flux.
ATG14 upregulation protects against developmental fluoride neurotoxicity.
Fluoride is capable of inducing developmental neurotoxicity, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. We aimed to explor
