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Research Studies
Study Tracker

Study Tracker

The most up-to-date and comprehensive source for studies on fluoride's multifaceted effects on human and animal health, with 100+ years of research organized by health category, type of study, author, journal, and date.
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The effect of 0.05 percent dietary sodium fluoride on the rat kidney

1957 | Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica | Pindborg JJ. | 13(1):36-45.
Two hundred and twenty-six white rats were given a diet containing 0.05 per cent sodium fluoride (226 ppm) for periods ranging from 3 to 56 days. It was established that changes in the kidneys occurred regularly after 21-28 days on the diet. The kidney changes consisted primarily in dilatation of the Henle loops in the juxtacortical area of the medulla, soon followed by a flattening of the epithelium in the convoluted tubules in the cortex and a distention of the tubules, possibly due to some k