The American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs Expert Panel on Topical Fluoride Caries Preventive Agents acknowledges the efforts of the following people and their commitment in helping complete this project:
• Dr. Rocky Napier, Aiken, S.C., American Dental Association (ADA) Council on Access, Prevention, and Interprofessional Relations (CAPIR) liaison;
• Ms. Jane McGinley, manager, Fluoridation and Preventive Health Activities, CAPIR, ADA, Chicago, ADA CAPIR staff l
ABSTRACT: The mammalian central nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that allows selective traffic of substances into the brain. Fluoride is a highly toxic and reactive element. We get exposed to fluoride due to its common use in toothpaste, dental gels, non-stick pans, razor blades, etc. Fluoride also enters our food chain through fishes that are cultivated in water bodies, which get contaminated with fluoride from
3. Results
3.1. Population Characteristics
The study sample had an approximately equal proportion of males (49%) and females (51%). The mean age was 32 years old, 73% were white, and 50% of the sample reported a high school, trade school, or college degree, while the other 50% reported a university degree or higher. The mean household income was $87,700 (median = $73,000) and the mean BMI was 24. Most demographic variables, including sex, age, and highest household education, had less than
Background: Previous systematic reviews of epidemiology studies have found support for a geographical association between high levels of naturally occurring fluoride in water (>1.5 ppm) and lower IQ in children. Most of the evidence from humans is from fluoride-endemic regions having higher background levels of fluoride compared to the fluoride concentrations historically used in community water fluoridation programs (0.7–1.2 ppm). Confidence in this body of evidence is limited, prima
Discussion
... The increased precision using the average maternal U-F concentration as an indicator of prenatal fluoride exposure results in stronger statistical evidence of fluoride-associated deficits, compared with using cross-sectional or retrospective studies. Still, the amount of fluoride that reaches the brain during early brain development is unknown, and even the maternal U-F concentration measurements may be considered somewhat imprecise as dose indicators. Such imprecision, likely oc
Acknowledgment
We sincerely thank all the participants in this study and the Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention for its assistance for epidemiological investigation and sample collection.This work was supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81430076) for Aiguo Wang, and the National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals and Health commission of Hubei Province scientific research project (Grant No.WJ2019H308) for
Funding information: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: 81660524; The First-Class Discipline Construction Project in Guizhou Province-Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Grant/Award Number: 2017[85]
