Highlights
NaF induced autophagosome-lysosome fusion blockage.
NaF weakened the interaction of ATG14 and SNARE complex.
ATG14 regulates the SNARE complex in NaF-induced developmental neurotoxicity.
ATG14 upregulation restored autophagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagic flux.
ATG14 upregulation protects against developmental fluoride neurotoxicity.
Fluoride is capable of inducing developmental neurotoxicity, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. We aimed to explor
As a strong oxidant, fluorine can induce oxidative stress resulting in cellular damage. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of cell death caused by unrestricted lipid peroxidation (LPO) and subsequent plasma membrane rupture. This article indicated a relationship between fluorosis and ferroptosis. Evidence of the depletion of glutathione (GSH) and increased oxidized GSH can be found in a variety of organisms in high fluorine environments. Studies have shown that high fluoride levels can re
For decades, fluoride has been the pre-eminent ingredient in consumer products to prevent dental caries. The evidence that fluoridated toothpaste significantly reduces caries is well documented. 8 , 9 It is now widely accepted that fluoride prevents dental decay by encouraging topical remineralization of early white spot, incipient lesions. New non-fluoride remineralization strategies have emerged that seem to be promising. 10
The primary concern with fluoridated toothpastes used by c
Abstract
Objectives:
This investigation aimed to determine whether fluoride concentration in water at the user endpoint remains the same as at the adjusted source, i.e., water treatment facilities.
Methods
Daycares in Alberta, Canada, were used as the endpoint to measure fluoride concentration. They were randomly selected from a list of 400 licensed daycares provided by the Ministry of Children’s Services. All water samples collected from the daycares were sent to the accredited Alberta
